816 THE BORAGE FAMILY. [Cywtgtottwik 



Leaves heavy with rather soft appressed hairs. Flowers dull 



\purple-red 1. C. officinal*. 

 Leaves green, rough with scattered hairs. Flowers bluish-purple 2. C. montanum. 



1. C. officinale, Linn. (fig. 711). Common IT. Stem stout, erect, 

 and branched, about 2 feet high, with rough hairs. Leaves lanceolate, 

 or often the radical and lowest ones oblong, stalked, and sometimes 

 near a foot long ; the others gradually shorter, with shorter stalks, 

 the uppermost sessile and clasping the stem ; all of them hoary with a 

 dense, rather soft, appressed down. Racemes numerous, mostly simple, 

 forming a terminal leafy panicle ; the pedicels short, without bracts. 

 Calyx-segments broadly lanceolate. Corolla rather small, of dull pur- 

 plish-red. Nuts flattened and bur-like, often above 3 lines diameter. 

 The whole plant has a disagreeable smell. 



On roadsides and waste places, in Europe and Russian Asia, extend- 

 ing far into Scandinavia. Not unfrequent in Britain from Forfar 

 southwards ; but confined to the south-east of Ireland. Fl. summer. 



2. C. montanum, Lam. (fig. 712). Green H. Much like C. officinale, 

 but generally not so stout, much greener ; the hairs of the leaves fewer, 

 more scattered and stiffer ; the upper leaves broader at the base, and 

 the spikes more slender, with fewer and smaller flowers, of a dull bluish- 

 purple tinge. C. sylvaticum, Haenke. 



In woods and shady places, chiefly in the forests and mountain dis- 

 tricts of the continent of Europe, extending ea>tward to the Caucasus. 

 Not common in Britain, occurring in the southern and some of the 

 central or eastern counties of England, Dublin only in Ireland, not 

 known in Scotland. Fl. summer. 



LIV. SOLANACE^;. THE SOLANUM FAMILY 



Herbs, shrubs, or soft-wooded trees, with alternate leaves 

 without stipules, but sometimes accompanied by a smaller leaf 

 at their base ; the flowers solitary or in forked cymes, on lateral 

 or terminal peduncles. Calyx usually with 5 teeth, lobes, or 

 segments. Corolla monopetalous, with 5 or rarely 4 teeth or 

 lobes, regular or nearly so, and folded in the bud. Stamens 

 as many as the lobes of the corolla, and alternating with its 

 divisions. Ovary 2-celled, rarely incompletely 4-celled, with 

 several ovules in each cell. Fruit a berry or rarely a capsule, 

 with several seeds. 



A numerous family in the tropical and warmer parts of the globe, 

 only represented in northern regions by a few stragglers from more 

 southern latitudes. A large proportion of the species contain a narcotic, 

 poisonous principle, although several are important articles of food. 



Fruit a capsule. 



Corolla large, with a long tube. Capsule prickly, 4-valyed . . 1. DATURA. 



Corolla obliquely campanulate, with a short tube. Capsule 



smooth ... 2. HYOSCVAMUH 



Fruit a barry. 



