Carcx.} LXXXV1II. CYPERACE.E. 489 



- / Terminal spikelet male at the base. Spike simple ...... 7 



1 Terminal spikelet male at the top. Spike often branched or compound . . 13 



( Spikelets forming a terminal spike without leafy bracts, or with only a small 

 7-I one to the lowest spikelet ........... 8 



(Spikeleta very distant, the lower ones each in the axil of a long leafy bract . 12 



! Spikelets ovoid, close together. Fruits tapering to a point, erect or scarcely 

 spreading .............. 9 

 Spikelets, at least the lower ones, at some distance from each other . . 10 

 Fruits winged at the edges. Stems usually a foot high or more 6. C. leporina. 

 Fruits not winged. Stems usually 8 or 9 inches high . . 6. C. lagopina. 

 ( Fruits tapering to a point or beak considerably longer than the glume . . 11 

 HK Fruits erect, ovate, -with a minute point. Stems a foot or more. Spikelets 

 ( pale green ........... 9. C. canescens. 



(Ripe spikelete nearly globular, with very spreading beaked fruits. Stem 6 or 

 8 inches ............ 8. C. stettidata. 

 Ripe spikelets oblong, with rather spreading pointed fruits. Stem 1 to 2 feet. 

 7. C. elongata. 



( All the spikelets simple, sessile, and distant . . . 10. C. rernota. 



12 < Lower spikelets branched or 2 or 3 together. Upper ones rather near together. 



( 11. C. axUlaris. 



./ Stems tufted, without creeping rootstocks ........ 14 



16 \Rootetock long and creeping ........... 18 



( Spike compound or branched. Stems 1 to 4 feefr (usually 2 to 3 feet) . . 15 

 14 -| Spike simple or the lower spikelets slightly compound. Stems not a foot or 

 ( very slender .............. 16 



f Spike or panicle dark brown, rather loose. Fruits obtusely 3-angled. 

 ..I 12. C. paniculata. 



10 1 Spike cylindrical, often green, densely crowded. Fruits much flattened, with 

 V acute angles.' Stem acutely triangular ..... 13. C. vulpina. 



( Spikelets near together, in a terminal brown spike about an inch long. 



16 J. 14. C. muricata. 

 ( Lower spikelets distant, all pale brown or green ....... 17 



(Fruiting spikelets globular, no male flowers at their base . . 14. C. muricata. 



17 < Fruiting spikelets oblong, a few males at the base of some of them. Fruits 



( flattened ........... 11. C. axillaris. 



( Spikelets rather large, ovoid, in a spike of 1 or 2 inches. Fruits with a very 



18 < thin or winged edge ......... 15. C. arenaria. 



( Spikelets short, in a spike of about i inch. Fruit very convex, not winged . 19 

 ( Spike ovoid, the spikelets distinct. Stem slender, erect . . 16. C. divisa. 



19-} Spike nearly globular, very dense. Stem short, curving downwards. 



( 17. C. incurva. 



on / Spikelets short, erect ............ 21 



M \ Spikelets oblong or cylindrical, stalked and drooping ..... 22 



fSpikelets at length rather distant, the lowest scarcely stalked. Fruit ovoid, 

 , I obtuse ........... 22. C. Buxbaumii. 



M \ Spikelets close together, the lowest stalked. Fruit angular, shortly beaked. 



21. C. alpina. 



( Spikelets oblong, very black. Fruit triangular, with a short beak 23. C. atrata. 

 22 < Spikelets cylindrical, green. Glumes and fruits with long subulate points. 

 ( 43. C. Pseudocyperus. 



Spikelets several, one or more terminal ones wholly male, 

 9 of Stigmas 2 ............... 24 



'"tStigmasS ..... ......... 27 



( Spikelets small, green, and distant, lower one branched or clustered. 

 24 \ 11. C. axillaris. 



( Spikelets cylindrical or oblong, few, dark-brown or black ..... 25 



- / Fruits very convex or inflated . ..... 18. C. saxatilis. 



M \Fruits nearly flat ...... . ...... 26 



Glumes mostly obtuse. Spikelets i to 2 inches long . . .19. C. ccespitosa. 

 Glumes mostly narrow and pointed. Female spikelets 3 inches or more. 



20. C. acuta. 



27 



Bracts sheathing, without leafy tips. (Fruits obtuse, slightly downy) . . 28 

 Bracts, at least the lower ones, leafy, with or without sheaths . . . .29 



Stems shorter than the leaves. Female spikelets short, distant, half -included 

 in the sheaths . . ........ 24. C. humilig. 



Stems longer than the leaves. Female spikelets near the top, linear, spreading. 



