ILLUSTRATED GUIDE. 113 



a soldiers cloak and buckled to the front of the saddle, is a 

 great assistance; and lying down is a vice which only- 

 ponies and other obstinate brutes indulge in, and is sel- 

 dom met with in well bred horses. The spur will some- 

 times keep them up, but in bad cases there is no remedy 

 but submission. Sliouldering is also a trick only met 

 with among badly bred horses, though sometimes horses 

 of all breeds, if they have been badly broken, wnll adopt 

 this expedient by attempting to crush the knee against a 

 wall or paling. If, however, the hand and foot are put 

 strongly out, the horse cannot use enough lateral pressure 

 to overcome their resistance, and no harm is done. Run- 

 ning away is only an extreme form of pulling in the gallop, 

 but sometimes it is of a most vicious description, and the 

 horse gallops as if maddened by excitement. It is a most 

 dangerous vice, as it is generally practised at times when 

 it is most inconvenient, as in crowded thoroughfares, etc. 

 For horses which run away, various severe bits have 

 been invented, but nothing has ever yet been introduced 

 v^hich is so successful as the" Bucephelusnose band." ^t is 

 a good plan in determined brutes to make them run to a 

 stand-still, by giving them an up-hill " burster, " which 

 may generally be nfanaged, though there are some which 

 are only made worse by this treatment. Still, it generally 

 s-ucceeds, and most horses are rendered quiet for some 

 time by such an effort; nevertheless, they generally try 

 again as soon as they are fresh, and they are seldom to be 

 trusted with any riders but good horsemen. It is of no 

 use to pull dead at these animals, but it is better to let 

 them go when there is plenty of room, and then to try 

 what a sharp and severe pull will do ; not keeping it up 

 too long, .if effectual, but looiiug the mouth again for 



