ILLUSTRATED GUIDE. 125 



pressure of his slioulder instead of pnllinjy at the traces. 

 Oil the otlier hainl if eitlier horse is palling away from 

 the pole, and straining at the pole-piece, he is doing more 

 than his share, and his coupling-rein must be taken in ac- 

 cordingly. Sometimes both shoulder the pole, or spread 

 from it, which are equally unsightly habits, and may gen- 

 erally be cured by an alteration of the coupling-reins of 

 both horses, letting them out for the shouldering and tak- 

 ing them in for the opposite.bad habit. The reins are held 

 for double-harness as for single. Bearing-reins are more 

 necessary here than in single harness, because there is 

 not the same ini'nediate command of a horse ; but in toler- 

 ably active and safe goers there is little necessity for 

 them. It is only when horses stand about much that 

 they are wanted, and then only for display j but for this 

 they certainly are of service, as the horse stands in a 

 very proud and handsome attitude when "borne up," 

 and the pair match much better than when they are 

 suffered to stand at ease. In driving a pair, it should 

 always be remembered that there are two methods of 

 driving round a curve, one by pulling the inside rein, 

 and the other by hitting the outside horse ; and these two 

 should generally be combined, graduating the use of the 

 whip by the thinness of the skin of the horse. In all cases 

 the whip is required* in double-harness, if not to drive 

 horses when thoroughly put together, yet to make them 

 pull equally ; and there are few pairs which do not occa- 

 sionally want a little reminding of their duties. A con- 

 stant change from one side to the other is a prevention of 

 those tricks and bad habits which horses get into if they 

 are always kept to one side only. The coachman should, 

 therefore, change them every now and then, and back 



