ILLUSTRATED GUIDE. 2l9 



SHOULDER STRAIN". 



This arises from slipping, severe blows," falling in the 

 shafts, etc. The symptoms are all well marked. The an-- 

 imal, instead Jof raising the foot, drags the toe on the 

 ground in walking; on making a lever of the leg, by bring- 

 ing it forward, the animal manifests much pain; these usu- 

 ally are positive symptoms. 



Treatment. — Bleed freely from the Plantar vein, run- 

 ning down upon the inside of the front legs. Foment the 

 shoulders well with hot water if the case is a recent one. 

 If of long standing, a seton will be more effective. The 

 following liniment will be a useful application; Sweet oil, 

 one pint, spirits of hartshorn, three ounces, spirits of tur- 

 pentine, two ounces, mix all together ; shake well before 

 using. Or, alcohol, one pint, spirits of camphor, tincture 

 of myrrh, castile soap, of each one ounce; mix all together; 

 or, oil of turpentine one ounce, tincture of opium one 

 ounce, soap liniment, one ounce, tincture of capsicum one 

 drachm ; mix all together. 



CAPPED HOCK. 



This is a bruise of the cap or point of the hock joint 

 forming a serious abscess. 



Treatment. — Apply the blister recommended in coffin 

 joint lameness. Tincture of iodine or iodine ointment is 

 sometimes useful. 



BONE SPAVIN. 



This is one of the most common causes of lameness in 

 the hind legs. Spavin arises j, from strains, sprains or 

 blows upon the hock joint, causing an inflammatory con- 

 dition of the cartilaginous cushions which cover the unit- 

 ing surfaces of each bone or of the ligaments that sur- 

 round the joint and bind the bones together ; sometimes 



