LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



PAGE 



1. Total Geologic Time Scale 68 



2. Feet AND Teeth IN Fossil Pedigree OF THE Horse ... 72 



3. Four Stages IN THE Evolution OF THE Cameline Skull . . 74 



4. Four Stages in the Evolution of the Cameline Fore Foot , 7 5 



5. Evolution of Head and Molar Teeth of Mastodons and 



Elephants 77 



6. Skull of Java Ape-Man, Pithecanthropus erectus .... 87 



7. Jaws of Man and of the Apes 88 



8. Restoration of Prehistoric Men 90 



9. Neanderthaloid Skull of La Chapelle-aux-Saints ... 91 



10. Skeleton of Neanderthal Man 92 



11. Skeleton OF Seal 130 



12. Skeleton OF Greenland Whale 132 



13. Paddle of Whale Compared with Hand of Man . . . . 133 



14. Wing of Reptile, Mammal, and Bird 134 



15. ^KE'LETO^ O'F Dinornis gravis 137 



16. Hermit Crabs Compared with Cocoa-nut Crab .... 139 



17. Rudimentary or Vestigial Hind Limbs of Python . . . 141 



18. Apteryx australis 142 



19. Illustrations of the Nictitating Membrane in the \' arious 



Animals ^47 



20. Rudimentary, or Vestigial and Useless, Muscles of the 



Human Ear 148 



21. Portrait OF a Young Gorilla i4Q 



22. Lower Extremities OF a Young Child 150 



23. An Infant, Three Weeks Old, Supporting Its Own Weight 



FOR Over Two Minutes 151 



24. Sacrum OF Gorilla Compared with That OF Man . . . 152 



25. Diagrammatic Outline of the Human Embryo When about 



Seven Weeks Old ^S3 



26. Front AND Back View OF Adult Human Sacrum . . . . i53 



27. Appendix vermiformis ii<i Oratsig AiiD IN Mai<s i54 



28. Appendix vermiformis in Orang and Man, Showing Variation 



in the Orang -^54 



XV 



