284 THE STATUS OF MAN. 



to regulate, in cooperation with individuals of their own type, 

 the affairs which affect the community, and as soon as it is 

 recognized that a nation does not consist of one species, there 

 is a reluctance to interfere with the different species, and at the 

 same time a reluctance against interference and regulation by 

 the species which is not its own. 



Revolutions will be effective in bringing the lower species 

 into power, where there is such a distinction between two 

 species. In countries where there is a real unity however, 

 revolution is simply a symptom of discontent, but it will not 

 result in anything like a difference. 



When by a revolution the non-posessing species comes to 

 power, it may do a number of very different things. It may- 

 set itself against culture, instead of arranging matters so, that 

 culture will be attainable by anybody, and there is always 

 some danger that such an unintelligent thing may happen. 

 But where men of some education, and of clear understanding 

 feel that they belong to this species, which is only another way 

 of saying that they do belong to it, it is not likely that culture 

 and capital are in much danger. In such a case it will be exped- 

 ient to remove those things which hitherto have kept apart 

 the two species, so as to make them into one. We have the 

 example of the United States, where mass-imigration, mixing 

 of the most heterogeneous white people makes one species out 

 of the mixture. And the removal of the privilege of inheritance 

 will in some countries be the removal of the main barrier. Such 

 a result of a revolution will eventually tend to make for unity, 

 and unity (which is not synonymous with equality by any 

 means) promotes happiness, as it makes available all the best 

 individuals for the business of government withou tany injust- 

 ice to groups of individuals. It will make any group of individ- 

 uals chosen for their individual merits, representative for the 

 whole nation. There is, as far as we can judge, no real reason 

 however, why this active removal of barriers to national unity 

 should await a revolution, or an act of violence. It could clearly 

 be done just as well by existing governments. If the ruling 



