286 THE STATUS OF MAN. 



nominations which we see in the United States. The more the 

 churches become divided the less will be their power to 

 keep apart classes of people, the better it will be for specific 

 unity of the nation. 



What is true of churches is true of parties in most of the 

 essential points. Especially is this true where churches begin 

 to go into politics. In this connection it is curious to note, that 

 a church only begins to become a political party, when it gets 

 into the minority. There is a very powerful Roman Catholic 

 party in Holland, but there is no such thing in France. 



In judging the effectiveness of party -lines as barriers to 

 unity, barriers that keep species apart, we must not forget, 

 that so far, only men have actively taken part in politics 

 practically. So long as women are not deeply concerned in 

 politics, party-lines are not especially effective as barriers. 



There are, however, two sets of causes which will have to be 

 examined here. In most of the European nations at least, par- 

 ties, instead of following the lines set by the churches, are be- 

 ginning more and more to confirm themselves to economic 

 lines. And in addition to this, woman-suffrage has come at a 

 very critical time, just when the curch has lost its power, just 

 when growing syndicalism is emphasizing class-distinctions, 

 and just when this last war has awakened whole nations to the 

 fact, that they have no real unity, but that they each consist 

 mainly of two classes (which we here have seen to be species in 

 every essential), whose interests are not identical. Woman suf- 

 frage will certainly help to make party-lines more effective as 

 barriers between species because it brings home to women the 

 importance of party issues and it will make these party issues 

 more than before a cause tor selective mating. 



To resume, there are nations which consist of only one 

 species in the biological sense. In these, any group of men 

 selected at random is representative. In these, popular vote 

 is as good a way as any to decide particular measures. This 

 unity of a people makes for real happiness. Other nations con- 

 sist of more than one species. For so far as these are segregated 



