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of united stamens. In this form of arrangement there may IK- a union of 

 the filaments of all the stamens except one. which is a common diadclphous 

 arrangement of stamens in many of the sjx-eies of the Bean family. When 

 there are several sets of united stamens, the arrangement is said to be 

 polydelphous. 



Adnation <>r union of the stamens with other parts of the flower is nf 

 frequent occurrence, and the terms employed depend upon the degree ! 

 adnation, or the absence of it. namely, hypogynous (meaning Ix-neath the 

 pistil), applied to parts, including stamens, which are inserted or Ixirne 

 on the receptacle of the flower (figure 50). This is the absence of adnation 

 and indicates an unmodified type. Perigynous i around the pistil) implies 

 an adnation which carries up the apparent origin or place of insertion <>t 

 the parts of the flower to some distance atx>ve or away from the receptacle 

 and thus placing the insertion around instead of Ix-neath the pistil (figure 57 i. 

 Epigynous (on the pistil), where the adnation is complete to the very top 

 of the ovary (figure 5 V 



When the stamens are l>orne upon the corolla, or upon the tube of 

 the corolla, they are said to be epipetalous (figure oy). and when they arc- 

 borne upon the pistil, as in the Orchid family, they are said to IK- gynandrous. 



The most important part of a stamen is the anther (figure 44!)), which 

 contains the pollen. It normally consists of two lobes or sacs; but as each 

 sac is often, and in most of our common flowers, divided into two cavities, 

 it appears to possess in such instances four pollen sacs. For the discharge 

 of the jx)llen. the cells of a normal anther ojx-n along a definite line, usually 

 extending from top to bottom. This suture or line of dehiscence may be 

 lateral or marginal, or centrally located. 



In the genus Solanum, to which the Potato belongs, in most memlx-rs 

 of the Heath family (Ericaceae), in Polygala, and certain other sjK-eies the 

 anther cells open only by a hole or pore (figure 71). In the Bluelx-rry. 

 Cranberry etc. the pore-bearing tip of the anther cell is prolonged con- 

 siderably, often into a slender tube. In the Barberry, and in most other 

 members of that family, and in the Lauraceae, the whole face of each anther 



