WILD FLOWERS OF M.v\ \t.KK 29 



3 Accessory fruits, where the principal mass consists of the surround- 

 ings or support of either a simple or an aggregate fruit. 



4 Multiple or collective fruits, formed by the union or compact 

 aggregation of the pistils of several flowers. 



I Simple Fruits 



Upon the basis of texture, simple fruits may be designated as dry 

 fruits, stone fruits and baccate fruits. 



Dry fruits which are dehiscent: 



Follicle (figure 78), a pod formed by a simple pistil, and di-hiMvnt 

 along one line (suture, and almost always the inner or ventral suture), 

 as in the Columbine, Marsh Marigold, Milkweed and Dogbane. 



Legume (figure 77), a pod formed 

 of a simple pistil which is dehiscent 

 by both sutures, so dividing it into 

 two pieces or valves. The fruits of 

 the Bean or Pea family are of this 

 sort. Some members of this family 

 (Meibomia), however, have legumes 

 reduced to indehiscent achenes, joined 

 together end to end. and to which a 

 special term " loment " (figure 76) is 

 applied. 



Capsule (figures 79 and Ho), a pod 

 or dehiscent fruit, of any compound pistil. The modes of regular dehiscence 

 are mentioned above in the paragraph on dehiscence, and it remains here 

 to describe two modifications of the capsule, namely, the pyxis, in which 

 the dehiscence is along a circular line, cutting off the upper part as a lid, 

 examples of which are seen in the common Plantain, Purslane and Hen- 

 bane, small plants or weeds not illustrated in this work; and the silique, 

 a narrow, two-valved capsule, with two parietal placentae, from which the 



7G 



77 



78 



