\V1I.I> I t(i\VI K- < I M \\ YORK Ity 



Sandalwood Family 



S a n t a I a r r a r 

 Bastard Toadflax 



Contninlra nmbclhitn ( Linnaeus) Nuttall 



PUU J*t> 



Stems numerous from a horizontal, branching rootstock. said to be 

 parasitic on the roots of adjacent herbs, 6 to 18 inches tall, usually bram-hol 

 and vi-ry U-afy. Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, pale green, points! 

 at t-ach end, sessile, one-half to ij inches long, the lower om-s smalk-r. 

 Flowers numerous in terminal cymes, corymbose at the summit of the strm, 

 or also axillary, their branches divergent or ascending, greenish white. 

 white, or purplish, about one-fifth of an inch long, calyx usually fivr-lc >l H . 1 , 

 corolla none. Fruit a globose drupe atxnit one-fourth of an inch in 

 diameter, crowned by the upper part of the calyx tube and its five oblong 

 lobes. 



In dry fields and thickets, especially sandy soil, Cape Breton Island to 

 Ontario and Assiniboia, south to Georgia, Kansas and Arkansas. At 

 Bergen swamp in Genesee county, New York, it grows in an open marl 

 bog, which, however, is dry in certain seasons, in company with A r e t h u s a 

 bulbosa, Cypripedium candidum, Scirpus caespitosus, 

 Anticlea chlorantha. Triantha glutinosa. Solidago hough- 

 tonii, and other bog plants, a habitat most unusual for this species. 



Birthwort Family 

 Aristolochiaceae 



Wild or Indian Ginger 



.\snriini canadcnse Linnaeus 



PUtr 46 



Leaves clustered in pairs from a slender, branching, aromatic root- 

 stock, having the flavor of ginger. Leaf blades long petioled, reniform, 

 thin, short pointed at the apex, 3 to 7 inches broad, dark green, the base 



