178 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



or oblong-lanceolate, i to 4 inches long, truncate or heart-shaped at the 

 base and blunt or pointed at the apex, the base hastately or sagittately 

 toothed or cleft, the earliest leaves often deltoid-ovate, blunt, and merely 

 crenate at the base. Flowers on stalks about as long as the leaves, the 

 corolla violet-purple. 



Moist banks, fields and wet meadows, Massachusetts to Minnesota, 

 south to Georgia and Louisiana. Flowering in May and June. The 

 smooth form appears to be the commoner on the coastal plain, while around 

 the Great Lakes region and eastward to the Hudson River valley occurs a 

 form with pubescent foliage. 



Triangle-leaved Violet 



Viola emarginata (Nuttall) LeConte 



Plate I36a 



Foliage glabrous, succulent, frequently in dense tufts from stout or 

 matted rootstocks. Leaf blades at flowering time narrowly ovate or 

 triangular, slightly heart-shaped; the later ones broadly ovate or deltoid, 

 i to 3 inches wide, often as broad as long, the base truncate or slightly 

 heart-shaped, coarsely toothed or incised toward the base. Flowering 

 scapes usually longer than the leaves; flowers violet-blue, the petals often 

 notched at the ends. 



Dry woods, hillsides and fields, southern New York southward. Flow- 

 ering in April and May. 



Viola emarginata acutiloba Brainerd, found on Staten 

 Island, possesses leaf blades (of mature leaves) which are five-cleft or five- 

 parted, the middle lobe long and narrow, the lateral ones shorter and 

 narrower than the middle lobe. 



Closely related to the Triangle -leaved Violet is the Cut-leaved Violet 

 (Viola pectinata Bicknell) in which the blades of the mature 

 leaves are ovate-deltoid, wider than long, the margin deeply dentate or 

 pectinate with numerous small linear acute, entire lobes. Low meadows 

 and edges of salt meadows near the coast. 



