There comes a time in the life of every 

 breeder of eminence when he reaches 

 his highest degree of success by the pro- 

 duction of one individual most represen- 

 tative of the lofty ideals of the critic. 

 Thus the Duke of Northumberland ap- 

 peared as the crowning triumph in the 

 life of Thomas Bates. 



The Duke of Northumberland (1940) 

 was calved Oct. 15, 1835. He was sired 

 by Belvedere (1706) and Duchess 34th 

 was his dam, she being also sired by 

 Belvedere. On the maternal side, in a 

 direct line of descent, Duchess 29th was 

 grandam, Duchess 20th great gran- 

 dam, Duchess 8th great-great-grandam, 

 Duchess 2d, great great great grandam, 

 and she out of Duchess 1st. Belvedere, 

 one of the really great bulls of his time, 

 was descended four generations from the 

 cow Princess, by Favorite, a cow of rare 

 character, whose breeding Bates most 

 highly esteemed. While Duke of North- 

 umberland is thus a distinctively Duch- 

 ess bred bull, unquestionably the blood 

 of Princess played a significant part in 

 his make-up, as Bates intended that it 

 should. A careful study of the Duke's 

 pedigree for seven generations, however, 

 shows the necessary general pedigree 

 strength to create the individual of rare 

 quality and character. 



The dam of the subject of this sketch, 

 Duchess 34th, was an animal of remark- 

 able quality and conformation, and was 

 one of the first show cows of her time, 

 defeating the renowned Necklace of 

 John Booth at the Royal show at York, 

 England, in 1842. Duke of Northumber- 

 land was a red roan in color, and he was 

 giA r en this name by Mr. Bates "to per- 

 petuate the commemoration that it is to 

 the judgment and attention of the ances- 

 tors of the present Duke of Northumber- 

 land that this country and the world are 

 indebted for a tribe of cattle which 

 Charles Colling repeatedly assured me 

 was the best he ever had or ever saw." 



As we go back in the early history of 

 breeding cattle we find that the practice 

 of public exhibition and competition was 

 comparatively recent. Many famous ani- 

 mals were never seen in the show ring. 

 They, however, were known to be of cor- 



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