FEED.S FOR ANIMALS 83 



in addition to the roughages to make them do well. These 

 feeds do not occupy very much space for the amount of nourish- 

 ment they furnish to the animal, and therefore are called 

 concentrates. 



The protein concentrates from the standpoint of home-grown 

 feeds are flax, peas, beans and milk. The latter, however, on 

 account of the large quantity of water it contains is not always 

 a concentrate. The principle commercial protein concentrates 

 are oil meal, cotton-seed meal, tankage, meat meal, gluten 

 meal, etc. 



Green Feeds. Green feeds are sometimes also called succu- 

 lent feeds. Such feeds are nature's production. They are 

 the legumes, grasses, corn, weeds, roots, potatoes, etc. Since 

 these are nature's feeds they are best adapted to all-purpose 

 feeding. There is nothing better than a good pasture contain- 

 ing a variety of plants which the stock will consume. 



The question might be asked here, why do farmers feed 

 grain to their livestock while they are on pasture? While 

 good pasture is the natural feed, good livestock is not a purely 

 natural product. Man has taken a hand in the development 

 of the farm animal. He has lived up to his God-given com- 

 mand and has exercised dominion over the animals. These 

 have been improved so that they cannot do their best on 

 pasture alone. They are no longer wild animals in nature 

 like the wild horse, the buffalo, and the razor-back hog. 



The digestive capacity of the improved farm animal is not 

 large enough and the power of digestion is not great enough 

 for it to get enough for good and profitable production out 

 of roughage feeds alone. This being true, the feeds for our 

 best farm livestock for their best work must include the grains 

 or concentrates as well as the roughages. 



Green feeds are valuable for several reasons. As a rule 

 they are easily digested, contain lots of water, and also are 

 rich in mineral matter. These are three very important 

 factors in livestock husbandry. 



The green protein feeds that should be used for young and 

 growing animals are alfalfa, clover, peas, beans; while young 

 rye and rape are also quite good in this respect. Timothy, 

 bluegrass, meadow grass, sorghum, and corn contain more of 



