498 



NATURAL ARRANGEMENT. 



21. Tribe 1. NELUMBO^NEJE. 

 1613 Neltimbium J. 



22. Tribe 2. NYMPH,EE\E. 

 Kg. 0. herb. 12. * 3 feet. 



1564 Euryale SaL 



1556 Nymphafa Neck. *7 



1557 .Nhphar Sm. *5 



23. ORDER X. SARRACENIE\E. 



Genus 1, Species 4 ; Hot-house Species ; Green-house Species 4 ; Hardy Ligneous Species ; 



Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. JO feet ; feet ; ^ feet. 



Plants remarkable for the singular form of their leaves, which are tubular and hold water, and some species 

 have lids or covers, which, it is alleged, shrink and close over the mouth of the tube in dry weather, so as to 

 prevent the exhalation of the water. The order is chiefly distinguished from Papaveracese and Nympheaceae in 

 having a broad peltate leafy stigma. It consists only of one genus, containing six species, all inhabiting the 

 swamps of North America. Division. 



1555 Sarracema L. 



SECTION II. Carpella solitary or connate; Placenta parietal- 

 24. ORDER XI. PAPAVERA*CE,E. 



Genera 12, Species 65 ; Hot-house Species 2 ; Green-house Species 1 ; Hardy Ligneous Species : - 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 62. feet ; 18 ft. ; ^ -feet. 



These plants are better known for their medicinal properties than for their beauty. Some of them are the 

 common pests of corn fields, and with grain have been disseminated over all the world. Sanguinaria is a neat 

 little American plant well known for its crimson juice, and the emetic purgative powers of its roots.. The 

 peculiar power of the poppy is, as is well known, narcotic ; a property which pervades all the order, although 

 in a less intense degree in all than in the officinal P. somniferum, from which exclusively the drug opium is 

 obtained. The Mexicans use the expressed oil of the seeds of Argembne mexicana for polishing furniture. 

 Division, seeds, or cuttings. 



1552 Papaver 



1554 Argemone Ton. 



1553 Meconopsis Vie. 

 3368 Hunnemama Swt 



1547 Sanguinaria L. 



1422 BoccomYz L. 



1423 Macleaya R. Br. 

 1550 Romena Med. 



3370 Eschsch6ltzza Cham. 1 



1551 Glaucium Ton. *7 



1549 Chelidbnium Bauh. *3 



408 //ypecoumZ. 3 



25. ORDER XII. FUMARIA^CE^E. 



Genera 6, Species 44 ; Hot-house Species ; Green-house Species ; Hardy Ligneous Species ; 



Hardy Herbaceous Species 44. feet ; 13 ft. ; i feet. 



Tender herbs, with finely cut leaves and annual stems, abounding in a watery juice ; without any appear- 

 ance of milkiness. They are reckoned slightly diaphoretic and aperient, but their medical properties are 

 trifling. Formerly they were combined with Papaveraceae, from which they are now universally distinguished. 

 The greater part of them are natives of hedges or thickets in the cooler parts of the northern hemisphere ; 

 two are natives of the Cape of Good Hope. Many of the species are beautiful ornaments of the flower-garden. 

 Division or seeds. 



2049 Diclytra Bore. 9 I 2048 Cysticapnos Boer. 2 I 2051 Sarcocapnos Dec. 1 



2050 Adi hmiaRafi. 1 | 2047 Corydalis Dec. *22 | 2052 Humana Tou. *9 



26. ORDER XIII. CRUCPFER^ (crux, a cross,/m>, to bear; form of corolla). 



Genera 88, Species 761 ; Hot-house Species ; Green-house Species 77 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 18 ; 



Hardy Herbaceous Species 666. 6| ft. ; 50 feet; ^ 3 feet. 



The importance of this order to mankind, and the singular nature of its botanical characters, render it 

 expedient to speak very fully upon it : in which the remarks of the learned M. Decandolle, who has paid 

 Cruciferae particular attention, will be chiefly followed. The order consists wholly of annual or perennial, 

 often biennial, herbs, occasionally assuming a suffrutescent habit ; then, however, never exceeding the height 

 of three feet. The roots are either thick and perennial, or annual or biennial and slender, almost always 

 perpendicular and undivided. The young roots are tipped with a little sheath, called the coleorhiza, which is 

 produced by the extended ruptured coat of the epidermis when the rootlet first appears. This is a curious 

 character, and deserves attention. The stems are round or somewhat angular, branched, and often, even in 

 the annual species, indurated at the base. The branches proceed from the axillaj of the leaves, but the upper- 

 most ones are abortive in most cases. The racemes are always opposite 

 to the leaves ; sometimes the terminal branch is abortive, when the 

 raceme appears to be terminal ; but this is merely owing to that circum- 

 stance. The leaves are simple, generally radical or alternate, rarely 

 opposite. The flowers are either white, yellow, or purple, or in a 

 few Cape species bright blue. The fruit is called either a siliqua or 

 silicula, the former being a linear pod containing many seeds, the 

 latter a roundish pod containing one or very few seeds, whence this 



order, which is the same as the Linnean class Tetradynamia, is 

 divided by Linnasus into two parts, called Siliqu&sae and Siliculbsas. 

 In the seed, the radical and cotyledons are applied to each other in 

 different ways, from which the suborders of M. Decandolle derive 

 their characters. When the edge of the cotyledons is pressed closed 

 to the radicula, so that a cross section would be as at Jig. 5. a, the 

 cotyledons are said to be accumbent, as in all Pleurorhizeaa; when 

 the side of the cotyledons is pressed to the radicula as at b, the former 

 are called incumbent, as in Notorhizea?. If the cotyledons are incum- 

 bent, and at the same time half folded together or conduplicate, 

 as at c, the suborder Orthoplbcea? is formed; when the cotyledons are incumbent and spirally twisted, so 

 that a section would be as at d, they constitute the suborder Spirolbbea? ; and finally, when the cotyledons 

 are incumbent, and doubled twice in their length, as at e, we have Diplecolobeaj. 



