NATURAL ARRANGEMENT. 



*2 

 *9 

 *1 



*21 

 *5 

 *71 

 *49 

 *1 



76. ORDER XXVII. LI'NE^E. 



Genera 2, Species 43 ; Hot-house Species ; Green-house Species 6 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 2 ; 

 Harrfy Herbaceous Species 35. 3 feet ; 12 feet ; ^ feet. 



Separated by M. Decandolle from Caryophylleae, from which it is well distinguished by its fruit having 

 several cells, or in the language of the botanist just named, being formed by the cohesion of several carpella. 

 Most of the species are pretty plants, bearing yellow, blue, or white flowers. They are of immense import- 

 ance in the world, on account of the tenacity of their fibres when made into flax. The seeds of common flax 

 are between mucilaginous and oily ; the leaves of Zlnum catharticum and Z. selaginoldes, the latter a native 

 of Peru, are purgative. Cuttings, division, or seeds. 



921 Zlnum Bauh. *2 34 | 419 Radiola Dil. *1 



77. ORDER XXVIII. MALVA^CEJE. 



Genera 22, Species 391 ; Hot-house Species 203 ; Green-house Specks 97 ; Hardy Ligneous Species 8 ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 83. f 28| feet ; 25 feet ; =*= feet. 



Before this order was dismembered of Bombaceae and Byttneriaceae, it contained most of the grandest flowers 

 in nature. Even now, the splendor of the various species of JV/alva, Althte^a, to which the hollyhock belongs, 

 and Hibiscus, renders it one of the most remarkable groups of plants. With the exception of the numerous 



fenus Sida, nearly all Malvaceae are objects worthy of the gardener's care, particularly those which are hardy, 

 n stoves or green-houses, the softness of their branches and leaves renders them peculiarly liable to the attacks 

 of the red spider, mealy bug, and scale, from which few collections are free ; a circumstance which makes 

 them less generally esteemed than the surpassing beauty of many of them merits. The greater part of the 

 order is clothed with stellate pubescence, and a reniform one-celled anther is a character common to the whole. 

 These two peculiarities, together with the alternate stipulate leaves, distinguish Malvaceae from all the rest of 

 Dichlamydeae. All the species abound in a nutritive mucilage; a quality which renders the young heads of 

 the Ochro, or Hibiscus escul^ntus, an object of great value within the tropics, as an ingredient in soups. In 

 Brazil, the Abutilon esculentum serves the same purposes. The emollient properties of Althaea ofh'cinalis, 

 or Guimauve of the French, are well known to physicians, as a remedy for catarrhs and pulmonary complaints. 

 A decoction of the leaves of Sphaeralcea cisplat'ma is used for similar objects in Brazil. A species of ravbnta 

 is employed in the same country as a diuretic in the form of a decoction. The straight shoots of S'ida 

 micrantha are employed as rocket sticks at Rio Janeiro. The chewed leaves of Slda carpinifblia allay the 

 inflammation occasioned by the stings of wasps. The tough fibres of many Malvaceae are manufactured 

 into cordage. Their petals are astringent; whence those of Hibiscus rbsa sinensis are used in China to 

 blacken the eyelashes and the leather of shoes. The fibrous threads in which the seeds of Goss> pium are 

 enveloped furnish the valuable cotton, an article of immense importance to the world ; these threads, when 

 examined by the microscope, will be seen to be finely toothed, which explains the cause of their adhering 

 together with greater facility than those of B6mbax and several Apocynese, which are destitute of teeth, and 

 which cannot be spun into thread without an admixture of cotton. Division, cuttings, or seeds. 



78. Division 1. 



2003 Malope Z. 

 3004 3/alva Z. 



2005 Nuttallzrt Dick. 



2006 Kitaibelia W. 



2007 Alth&a L. 



2008 Lavatera L. 



2009 J/alachra Z. 



Calyx double. 



1 



*38 



2 



1 



*16 



*12 



2010 Urcna L. 



2011 Pavbma Cav. 



2012 Malvaviscus Dil. 



2013 Lebretbma Schrank 



2014 Hibiscus L. 8 



2015 Thesptsia Corr. 



2016 Gossypium Z. 



2017 RedouteaVen. 



80. ORDER XXIX. 



2018 Lopimia Mart. 



79. Division 2. Calyx simple. 



2019 Palavm Cav. 2 



2020 Cristaria Cav. 1 



2021 A'noda Cav. 



2022 Periptera Dec. 



2023 Slda L. 03 



2024 Lagunea Cav. 



Genera 11, Species 28 ; Hot-house Species 27 ; Green-house Species 1 ; Hardy Ligneous Species ; 



Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. feet ; feet ; *= feet. 



Distinguished from the last by the imbricate aestivation of the calyx, and the arrangement of the stamens in 

 five sets, or, in Linnean language, brotherhoods. The species are mostly fine trees with large showy flowers, 

 and natives of the tropics. Some of them are among the largest trees in the world; AdansbmYz, the Baobab 

 of Senegal, has been seen with a diameter of twenty-five feet, and specimens of Bombax Ceiba and Erioden- 

 dron anfractubsum are not uncommon an hundred feet in height. The wood of all the species is light and 

 soft, as in Malvaceae, from which this order probably does not differ in its medical properties. Cuttings or 

 seeds. 



1993 Helicteres L. 

 2031 Myrbdia Schreb. 

 2002 Plagianthus Fvrst. 

 2028 Adansbma L. 



1995 Montezfimnt M. & S. 

 2027 Carolines L. 

 2029 Bombax L. 

 20SO Eriodendron Dec. 



1921 Ochrbma Swt. 



2177 Dhrio L. 



1934 CheirostemonH.#.B. 



81. ORDER XXX. BYTTNERIA'CE^. 



Genera 28, Species 151 ; Hot-house Species 78; Green-house Species 73; Hardt/ Ligneous Species 0; 



Hardy Herbaceous Species 0. feet ; feet ; i feet. 



Much the same kind of plants as those of the two last orders, from which they were not formerly dis- 

 tinguished ; and from which they scarcely differ, except in their bilocular anthers. Many of the Sterculias 

 are fine umbrageous trees, the seeds of which are large and eatable; especially those of the famous Kola, 

 which possess the property, being chewed, of rendering bad water pleasant to the palate. The seeds of the 

 Chicha, another and very noble species of the genus, are highly esteemed in Brazil for the dessert. Astrapu^a 

 and several other genera related to it are among the most beautiful in the world. The flowers of a species of 

 Pentapetes, called by the Indians Machucunha, give out a mucilaginous refrigerant juice, which is employed 

 in gonorrhoea. Guazuma wlmifblia has its fruit filled with a pleasant mucilage, which is sweet and very 

 agreeable ; an extract of the bark of the same plant is used in Martinique to clarify sugar ; its old bark is 

 employed, in the form of a strong decoction, as a sudorific. Waltht-r/a Donrattinhd contains a great dcai 

 of mucilage, and is employed by the Brazilians as an antisyphilitic. Cuttings or seeds. 



