544 



NATURAL ARRANGEMENT. 



constitute an article of food ; beer is obtained from the roots of others : 

 been used as tea. Division and seeds. 



and, finally, Aspidium fragrans has 



508. ORDER II. EQUISETA V CE^E. 



Genus 1, Species W; Hot-house Species ; Green-house Species 0; Hardy Ligneous Species ; 

 /fordy Herbaceous Species 10. feet j 6| feet j ^ feet 



Marsh plants, with a verticillate arrangement of their branches, and a highly indurated epidermis. Their 

 seeds are remarkable for a hygrometrical movement. The quality of some is said to be hurtful to cattle, 

 which is denied by others. Formerly they were used in medicine as astringents and diuretics. quisetum 

 hyemale has been employed for tea, and as a polishing material for furniture, under the name of Dutch 

 rushes. Divisions. 



2954 tfquisetum L. *0 10 



509. ORDER III. LYCOPODPNEJE. 



Genera 2, Species 19 j Hot-house Species 1 ; Green-house Species 2 ; Hardy Ligneous Species ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 16. feet ; 4 feet ; ^ 1 foot. 



With the habits of mosses they have the seeds of ferns. They are herbaceous prostrate plants, with imbri- 

 cated simple leaves. Lycopoclium complanatum, Selago, and clavatum are used as dyes ; the sporules of Lyco- 

 podiinn clavatum are said to be employed for ameliorating wine, and are also used in making fire-works, on 

 account of their inflammable nature. The herb of Lycopodium clavatum and Selago is emetic, and produces 

 abortion. Lycopudium Phlegmaria is reputed an aphrodisiac. Divisions. 



2955 Lycopbdium L. *0 16 | 2956 Psilbtum Swx. 



510. ORDER IV. MARSILEA V CE^. 



Genera 4, Species 4 ; Hot-house Species ; Green-house Species ; Hardy Ligneous Species ; 

 Hardy Herbaceous Species 4. f feet ; j 1 foot ; ^ 2 feet. 



Floating or erect simple-leaved plants of no known use. 

 Z,emna is to this, are not known in cultivation. Plants. 



The Marsileas, which are to some countries what 



2957 Isoetes L. 



2958 Pilularia L. 



1 I 2959 Salvfnia Mich. 

 1 I 2960 Marsilea L. 



511. ORDER V. MU'SCI. 

 Genera 37, Species 330. 



Winter plants, reviving in humid air, abundant about the poles, rare at the equator. They cover the moun- 

 tains of the earth as high as the limits of perpetual snow ; growing in patches, they clothe the most barren 

 spots with verdure, preserve trees from heat and cold, prepare the earth for nourishing more perfect plants, 

 and fill up bogs and morasses with vegetable matter. To the economy of nature they are, therefore, more 

 subservient than to the purposes of man. Medicinal astringent properties were formerly ascribed to some few, 

 but they are now neglected or forgotten. 



512. ORDER VI. HEPA'TICJE. 



Genera 6, Species 94. 



Creeping small plants, with their leaves arranged in an imbricated manner. They differ from Lichens in 

 structure, color, and fruit ; from M6sci, in the dehiscence of their capsule. Their qualities are mild, if any ; 

 some of them are fragrant. 



CLASS II. APHY'LL^. 



Genera 273, Species 2022. 



The genera under the following orders, being arranged under the same orders in the Linnean system, 

 according to their natural affinities, are not here repeated. 



513. ORDER VII. A'LG^E. 



Genera 79, Species 453. 



Plants ascending from the simplest form known in vegetation to a very compound state. The lowest are 

 filiform, leafless, with their fructification immersed ; the highest are leafy, with the fructification included in 

 an indehiscent wart-like pericarpium. Some copulate like animals, others have a spontaneous motion like 

 worms. Their color is lively, in the lowest grades green, in the highest red or purple. Some are ephemeral 



