lect. iv] Malpighi and the Tissues. 85 



meaning of something poured out from the veins. By paren- 

 chyma they simply meant the parts which were not distinctly 

 made up of fibres and which in most cases at least were porous. 

 Thus Harvey speaks of the blood which flows along the 

 pulmonary artery as being discharged into the porous paren- 

 chyma of the lungs and gathered up thence by the beginnings 

 of the pulmonary veins. The histology, if we may so use the 

 word, of these older writers was of a simple kind. Glisson, of 

 whom I shall have to speak later on in other connections, in the 

 anatomical introduction to his treatise on the liver, gives, in his 

 usual formal didactic style, a sketch of the current views as to 

 the morphological constitution of the animal body. 



He divides the body into similar parts and organic parts, 

 the former being determined by the material of which they are 

 composed, the latter by the form which they assume. This 

 division comes obviously very near our ordinary division into 

 tissues and organs. 



The similar parts or tissues may be again divided into the 

 sanguineous, or those which are richly provided with blood, and 

 the spermatic which are not, but he observes that the differentia 

 between these is not an exact one. 



The spermatic tissues he divides again into the soft, such as 

 brain, the hard, such as bone, and the tensile ; the last he again 

 divides into membranous tissues, such as the pia mater and the 

 peritoneum, fibrous tissues, such as the tendons and ligaments 

 as well as the fibres of muscle, of the heart and possibly of the 

 kidneys, and the tissues which are composed of both fibres and 

 membranes, such as the true skin, the tissues of the intestines 

 and others. 



The sanguineous tissues are the fatty tissues and the 

 parenchymatous, the latter being either properly sanguineous, 

 such as the heart, lungs, kidney and liver, or phlegmatic, such 

 as the testicle, the pancreas and some other glands. He states 

 that the fleshy parts of muscles as distinguished from the fibres 

 of muscle are by some regarded as another variety of the 

 sanguineous tissues, but in his opinion are really paren- 

 chymatous. 



Though when Glisson wrote this, the new aids had already 



