iv] of Glands and Tissues. 89 



in common ; each of them possessed a fragile frame buffeted 

 by repeated ailments, each was moved to the depths of his 

 being by a passion for the new learning. Each was able to 

 learn from the other. Borelli could teach Malpighi the new 

 mathematical physical learning of the school of Galileo, of which 

 there does not seem to have been at this time any adequate 

 exponent at Bologna, so that Malpighi came to Pisa with 

 much yet to know. Malpighi on the other hand was able to 

 lead Borelli into pastures of anatomical inquiry as yet new and 

 fresh to him, for, so far as can be learnt, Borelli's mind was not, 

 until he came to Pisa, turned towards those biological problems 

 which occupied so much of his subsequent life. The work done 

 by Borelli on which I dwelt in the last lecture, was begun, and 

 indeed much of it was at least hewn out in the rough, with 

 Malpighi at his side. Day by day, after their lectures were over, 

 they met at Borelli's house or elsewhere, either with other 

 friends present or without them, dissecting, experimenting and 

 discussing. They even listened to each other's lectures, for 

 there is a story that at one of Malpighi's early lectures, the new 

 doctrines which he expounded so offended his audience, that 

 they one after the other withdrew, until at last Borelli was left 

 as the sole listener. Malpighi was ever ready to insist upon the 

 great help which he received from Borelli, and if Borelli was 

 less ready to acknowledge what he had gained from his younger 

 friend, this, in the judgment of posterity seems to have been at 

 least not less, perhaps greater, possibly much greater than the 

 former. Much as Malpighi owed to Borelli, great as was the 

 guidance which in his early years he had from him, he did not 

 blindly adopt all Borelli's doctrines, and indeed as we shall see 

 struck out new lines for himself, being in many respects a wider 

 thinker and a greater man. This later divergence went far 

 perhaps to bring about in after years some estrangement between 

 the two ; but during their common stay at Pisa, and for some 

 time afterwards, their friendship, though tried from time to 

 time by Borelli's behaviour, remained stedfast; whenever a new 

 discovery or a new idea came to Malpighi his first desire was to 

 learn what Borelli had to say about it. 



Three years he thus spent at Pisa, teaching and learning, 



