INSTINCT AS INHERITED MEMORY. 205 



sidered as clever, but it may be speculative, people who 

 commonly have a genius in some special direction, as 

 perhaps for mimicry, perhaps for beauty, perhaps for 

 music, perhaps for the higher mathematics, but seldom 

 in more than one or two directions ; while " inflexible 

 organisations," like that of the goose, may be considered 

 as belonging to people with one idea, and the greater 

 tendency of plants and animals to vary under domes- 

 tication may be reasonably compared with the effects 

 of culture and education : that is to say, may be 

 referred to increased range and variety of experience 

 or perceptions, which will either cause sterility, if they 

 be too unfamiliar, so as to be incapable of fusion with 

 preceding ideas, and hence to bring memory to a sudden 

 fault, or will open the door for all manner of further 

 variation — the new ideas having suggested new trains 

 of thought, which a clever example of a clever race 

 will be only too eager to pursue. 



Let us now return to M. Eibot. He writes (p. 14) : — 

 " The duckling hatched by the hen makes straight for 

 water." In what conceivable way can we account for 

 this, except on the supposition that the duckling knows 

 perfectly well what it can, and what it cannot do with 

 water, owing to its recollection of what it did when it 

 was still one individuality with its parents, and hence, 

 when it was a duckling before ? 



"The squirrel, before it knows anything of winter, 

 lays up a store of nuts. A bird when hatched in a cage 

 will, when given its freedom, build for itself a nest like 

 that of its parents, out of the same materials, and of 

 the same shape." 



