CESTODA 97 



which is by no means unique, we have seen that two distinct 

 species of cestode may coexist in the human bearer. It is 

 quite possible that some one may yet have the good fortune to 

 detect the beef tapeworm,, the pork tapeworm, and the mutton 

 tapeworm, all together in one and the same host. 



On five separate occasions I have detected measles in " joints " 

 of otherwise excellent and healthy mutton brought to my own 

 table, and supplied by the family butcher. On several other 

 occasions I have had these parasites brought under my notice ; 

 nevertheless, many persons are either unaware of, or actually 

 deny, the existence of these ovine parasites. Thus, MM. 

 Masse and Pourquier, in the ' Montpellier Med. Journ/ for 

 Sept., 1876, make the following statement: "The sheep, not 

 being subject to measles, it seems to us natural to employ the 

 raw meat of that animal whenever it is required for nourishment 

 in the treatment of diarrhoea, in weaning children, in phthisis, 

 and for angemics." Clearly, if MM. Masse and Pourquier 

 could have brought themselves to believe that English lite- 

 rature is worth consulting on such matters, they would not have 

 . made this statement. Incidently they also observe, when 

 speaking of beef measles : " Un fait que nous avons remarque 

 et que nous tenons a signaler, c'est que nous avons trouve des 

 cysticerques nageant librement dans Feau ou nous avions plonge 

 de la viande infestee de ladrerie." Certainly this is a novel 

 experience. That measles should not only get out of their 

 cysts, but should have the power of " swimming freely" in the 

 water is a phenomenon which requires explanation. There must 

 have been some error of observation. 



It was in the year 1865 that I discovered the mutton 

 nieasle (G. ovis, mihi) ; but I am not prepared to say that the 

 parasite had never been seen before, since it is alleged that a 

 two-headed Cysticercus was obtained by Fromage from the liver 

 of a sheep (as cited by Davaine). Be that as it may, my dis- 

 covery was announced in a communication made at the Bir- 

 mingham meeting of the British Association in the autumn of 

 1865, and subsequently at a meeting of the Pathological Society 

 of London, on the 3rd of April, 1866 (' Path. Trans./ vol. xviii, 

 p. 463) . After these dates further announcements and veri- 

 fications appeared, amongst which I can only refer to my 

 remarks " On Beef, Pork, and Mutton, in relation to Tapo- 

 worms," forming an appendix to the first edition of my work 

 on Tapeworms, 1866; to the " Kemarks on Cysticerci from 



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