NEMATODA 181 



entozoon may now be offered. To place matters beyond all doubt 

 much remains to be done ; yet that which has been accomplished 

 is, or ought to be, of surpassing interest alike to the physician, 

 the scientific pathologist, the epidemiologist, and the philo- 

 sophic naturalist. In the case of Trichina, Owen's nomencla- 

 ture was most properly allowed to stand; but for reasons stated 

 below I have not hesitated to employ for this worm, in its 

 adult state, a name differing from that originally given to the 

 hsematozoon which turns out to be its representative larval 

 state. Although the male parasite is at present unknown, the 

 following characters will in the meantime suffice for a diagnosis 

 of the species : Body capillary, smooth, uniform in thickness. 

 Head with a simple circular mouth, destitute of papillae. Neck 

 narrow, about one third of the width of the body. Tail of 

 female simple, bluntly pointed ; reproductive outlet close to the 

 head ; anus immediately above the tip of the tail. Length of 

 largest females, 3| in. ; breadth, ^/' ; embryos, ~ " to T ^ 3 // in 

 length, by ^y to ^" in breadth ; eggs, averaging ^' by ^' 

 from pole to pole. 



The first discovery of this entozoon, in its embryo state, was 

 made by Wucherer on the 4th of August, 1866. To use Dr 

 Da Silva Lima's words : " At the moment when Wucherer 

 was seeking for the Bilharzia htematobia, he found instead of it 

 an unknown worm. Our illustrious collaborator/' adds Dr 

 Lima, "has made his important discovery known under the 

 modest title of ' Preliminary Notice on a species of Worm at 

 present not described / and still more modestly Wucherer for- 

 mulated in the following manner his judicious and prudent 

 conclusions : It would be rash on my part to put forth a con- 

 jecture on the coexistence of these worms of the haematochy- 

 luria, and on the etiological signification which they might 

 have. I shall therefore abstain until I have been able to make 

 more ample investigations, and until I have been permitted 

 to examine the corpse of a hsematuric, which has not yet 

 been possible." (' Gazeta Medica da Bahia/ Dec., 1868, 

 p. 99.) 



In the year 1868 Dr J. H. Salisbury referred certain ova 

 which he found in the urine to a new and distinct species of 

 nematode. Although he had no acquaintance with the adult 

 parasite, Dr Salisbury at once placed the " species " in the 

 genus Trichina. Here is what he says : " Trichina cystica 

 (Salisbury). This is a small species which I have found in the 



