208 PARASITES OF MAN 



appendage of the male is furnished with a bilobed, mem- 

 branous, half -bell- shaped bursa. This surrounds the cloacal 

 outlet, the latter concealing a double spiculum. The tail of 

 the female is sharply pointed, the anal orifice being placed a 

 little in front or above. The body is filiform, of a pale yellow 

 color. It is about ^" broad in the male, and -' in the female. 

 The mode of reproduction is viviparous. 



The original specimens were discovered by Treutler in 

 Germany, during the winter of 1791, in the bronchial glands of 

 an emaciated subject, whilst those sent to Diesing for descrip- 

 tion were discovered by Dr Fortsitz at Klausenberg, in Transyl- 

 vania, in the lungs of a boy six years old. Diesing and 

 Weinland suggested the identity of Filaria bronchialis and 

 Strongylus longevaginatus, whilst Kiichenmeister went further, 

 and pronounced them to be one and the same species. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY (No. 27). Cobbold, ' Entoz./ p. 357. Davaine, 

 ' Synops./ 1. c., ' Synopsis ' cix. Kuchenmeister, 1. c., Eng. edit., 

 p. 381. LeucJcart, 1. c., s. 618. Treutler, F. A., "De vermibus 

 filiformibus (Hamularia lymphatica) in glandulis conglobatis 

 bronchiorum repertis," in ' Obs. Pathol. Anat./ 1793. WedL, 

 ' Die im Menschen vorkommenden Helminthen ' (quoted by 

 Leuckart), Wien, 1862, s. 22. 



Eustrongylus gigas, Diesing. This is by far the largest 

 nematode known to science, the male sometimes measuring a 

 foot in length and the female more than three feet, whilst the 

 breadth of the body reaches half an inch at the thickest part. 

 Though fortunately very rare in man, this worm is known to 

 occur in a great variety of animals, especially in weasels. 

 According to Weinland and Jackson, it is particularly abun- 

 dant in the kidney of the North American mink (Must* / 

 vison), destroying the substance of the organ, the walls of 

 which become the seat of calcareous deposit. It has been 

 found in the dog, wolf, puma, glutton, raccoon, coati, otter, 

 seal, ox, and horse. 



The body of the adult worm is cylindrical, more or less red 

 in color, and somewhat thicker behind than in front. The 

 head is broadly obtuse, the mouth being supplied 'with six 

 small, wart-like papillae, two of which correspond with the 

 commencement of the two lateral lines of the body. These 

 lines are also distinguishable from other six longitudinal lines 

 traversing the body from end to end by the presence of very 

 minute papillae which are less closely arranged towards the 



