QUADRUMANA 291 



(4, fig. 54). There were numerous calcareous corpuscles. The 

 interior of each vesicle was filled with a fluid, in which there were 

 no free scolices. On referring to my notes I find that the lemur 

 had arrived in England about four months previously. 



Larval cestodes do not appear to be common in the monkeys 

 of the New World (Cebidae), nevertheless I found several 

 Cysticerci in the liver of Macacus radialus (Feb. 19th 1857), 

 and a single specimen in the sooty monkey (Dec. 4th 1857). 

 They were wrongly described by me as Cercariae. The 

 Cebidae are largely infested with tapeworms (Tania megastoma 

 and T. rugosa). A species of Ligula (L. reptans) has likewise 

 been found beneath the skin of CaHithrix sciureus and in 

 one of the marmosets (Hapale melanurus). Perhaps the 

 most common helminth infesting monkeys is the nematode 

 called Filaria gracilis. I have examined specimens from 

 the orang, the capuchin, and the spider monkey. This parasite 

 commonly occupies the abdomen, coiled beneath the perito- 

 neum, or within folds of the mesentery. It sometimes occurs 

 beneath the skin, or within the connective tissue of super- 

 ficial muscles. The female worm has been known to reach 

 a length of five feet. In 1873 Mr Samuel Smith, of Clifton, 

 sent me five specimens of this worm. From one of the males, 

 which measured twenty inches in length, I procured some 

 spermatozoa, and found their long diameter to average -p^o". 

 These corpuscles and other structures, as well as the worm 

 itself, are figured in my { Notes on Entozoa' quoted below, 

 Next in frequency, perhaps, is the whip worm (Tricocephalus 

 dispar), which monkeys of all kinds harbor in common with 

 man. Besides these nematodes, Physaloptera dilatata is found 

 in the stomach of American monkeys, and Ascaris distans also 

 (in the large intestine of marmosets more particularly). This 

 Ascaris has also been found in Gercopithecus fuliginosus and in 

 Simia sabcea. A small spiroptera is said to infest the walls of 

 the stomach of Simia maimon. To Dr Murie I am indebted 

 for a large roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides) taken from the 

 intestine of a chimpanzee (Troglodytes niger), and also for a 

 smaller nematode taken from a green mona-monkey (Cercopi- 

 thecus}. This I have described and named Ascaris cuspidata. 

 From the intestines of a chacma (Oynocephalus porcarius) M. 

 Schafhert procured sixteen examples of a small strongyle (Sir. 

 attenuatus, Leidy). 



The singular monkey known as Tarsius spectrum is liable 



