428 PARASITES OF ANIMALS 



small species (F. pellucidns) was discovered by Leuckart in the 

 intestines of Delphinus delphis, the males measuring less than 

 \ n ', and the females about an inch. Lastly, under the name of 

 Echinprhynchus brevicollis, Van Beneden has indicated another 

 species found by Malm in the intestines of a curious whale 

 (Balcenoptera Sibbaldii) captured alive off the coast of Sweden. 

 The Louvain savant refers to the " take " of another example 

 of this rare whale in the Firth of Forth about the same period. 

 A good many whales have been captured of late years off our 

 English and Scottish coasts, but, unfortunately, very little effort 

 has been made to collect the numerous entozoa which they 

 undoubtedly will have contained. 



The external parasites and fellow-boarders or messmates of 

 Cetacea are almost as numerous as helminths. In this work, 

 however, little account can be taken of them. Every naturalist 

 js familiar with the common Cyamus balanarum, and voyagers 

 tell us that the whales are sometimes so densely covered by 

 these lice that they impart to the skin a white color, and so 

 enable the fishermen to see their victims at a great distance. 

 The Cyami and Caprella are closely allied forms of Isemodipo- 

 dous crustaceans. Professor Liitken, of Copenhagen, has 

 enumerated about a dozen distinct species of Cyami which are 

 parasitic upon whales. Some of the Pycnogonidce are said to 

 attach themselves to whales. In their young state they are 

 known to be parasitic upon polyps. I obtained specimens of 

 these in 1856. The barnacles found on whales are genuine 

 messmates; when once they have attached themselves to the 

 skin, they remain permanently fixed. Like the Cyami or true 

 whale-lice, these parasitic cirrhipeds are so numerous that almost 

 every cetacean host may be said to carry its own species of louse 

 and its own species of barnacle. The classification of these 

 creatures is an admitted difficulty, even amongst skilled crus- 

 taceologists. The genera of cirrhipeds that are parasitic upon 

 whales chiefly belong to the genera Coronula, Diadema, Tubici- 

 nella, and Conchoderma, but in addition to these, many lernaeans 

 of the genera Penella and Lerneonema are found on whales, and 

 also, according to Van Beneden, at least one species of Acarus. 

 This mite (Acaridina balanarum, Van Beneden) is found on 

 Baltena australis. Here I must stop. The limits of this work 

 preclude my attempting a more extended notice or enumeration 

 of the crustacean and arachnidan parasites. 



Notwithstanding the known differences existing between the 



