PISCES 457 



Bibl. No. 57). Macalister, A., "On the presence of certain 

 Secreting Organs in Nematoidea/'' ' Ann. and Mag. of Nat. 

 Hist/ for 1865. Idem, "On the Anatomy of Ascaris dactyluris" 

 ' Proc. Nat. Hist. Soc. of Dublin/ vol. iv, I865.Mandl, "De- 

 velopment of Entozoa (Ascaris nigrovenosa of the frog)," from 

 ' Kep. of French Acad. of Sci./ in ' Month. Journ. of Med. Sci./ 

 vol. ii, p. 1081, 1842. Molin, ( Monog. del gen. Myzelminth ; 

 Mon. del gen. Physaloptera ; Mon. del gen. Histiocephalus ; 

 Mon. del gen. Spiroptera ; ' Wien, 1859-60. Pagenstecher, ' Tre- 

 matodenlarven und Trematoden/ Heidelberg, 1857. Sibbald, 

 J., " On the Nematoideum natricis," ( Path. Soc. Trans.,' vol. viii, 

 1857. Solger, " Ueber eine neue species von Trichosoma," 

 'Arch, f. Naturg./ 1877. Valentin, "On Parasites in the 

 Bladder of the Frog " (from ( Repertorium '), in ' Micr. Journ. 

 and Struct. Eecord/ 1842, p. 183. Vogt, C., "On Filaria in 

 the Vessels of the Frog," from ' Miiller's Archiv/ in ' Micr. 

 Journ. and Struct. Eec./ p. 241, 184,2. Wedl, F., " Beitrage 

 zur Lehre von den Haematozoen," ' Sitzungsb. Akad./ Wien, 

 1850 (from the blood of frogs, &c.).Zeller, E., " Weiterer 

 Beitrag zur Kentniss der Polystomen," l Sieb. und Koll. Zeit- 

 schrift/ 1875. 



PAET III (Piscis). 



Swarms of entozoa infest fishes, and it is hard to say 

 whether they are less numerous in the inhabitants of fresh 

 water than in those of salt water. More attention has been 

 paid to the helminths of the fishes than to the internal parasites 

 of birds and reptiles, consequently, the number of known 

 species must be estimated by many hundreds. In like manner 

 a great deal has been written respecting the ectozoa of fishes. 

 These parasites, often called fish -lice, belong chiefly to the 

 haustellated crustaceans, and are better known by the title of 

 Epizoa. No account of them can be afforded in this treatise, 

 but some trifling notice of the literature of the subject will be 

 given below. 



About a hundred distinct species of fluke have been described 

 as infesting fishes. Not many of these worms possess more 

 than a zoological interest ; nevertheless, from that point of view 

 certain types are very curious. Most of the species dwell in 

 the stomach and intestines, but, as more or less remarkable 

 exceptions, I may mention Distoma seriale infesting the kidney 



