19 



The apparatus holds 500 Ibs. and thus exposes the milk for 15 

 minutes to the heat if 2000 Ibs. an hour is run through it. 



The objection to all these apparatus is that the stirrers keep on 

 mixing ths new cold milk with the heated and this objection is the 

 greater the smaller the quantity of milk is which the apparatus 

 holds. 



In spite of the stirrers running close to the walls, there will 

 always be some coagulated albumen on the sides and it has been 

 proposed to have the stirrers covered with brushes as has been done 

 in the case of other apparatus which will be shown later. 



All the above mentioned 

 apparatus were designed to heat 

 the milk to 150 or 160 Fah. only, 

 but it is in order here also to men- 

 tion the two latest sterilizing 

 heaters which of course may be 

 used for pasteurizing, as they evi- 

 dently are an evolution of the 

 afore mentioned heaters. 



It is true KLEEMAN'S Fig. 11 

 may be also said to be a simplifi- 

 cation of his previous rather com- 

 plicated but effective sterilizer. 

 The milk enters at the bottom 

 of the vessel at M in the cen- 

 tre of the cone, flows upward 

 and then down in the anular ring 

 and up again compelled by a cor- 



P'.g. 11. 



responding anular water tank which is attached to the cover. 



The steam or hot water is found in s, s' and s" and the milk 

 passes between these leaving at o. The dasher D D D D prevents the 

 scorching of the milk. 



The milk is forced through the apparatus and elevated from o 

 up to the cooler by a force pun^p. ^ 



In Fig. 12. we find a similar idea by Mr. W. Wetterling of 

 Wismar. Germany. Two steam chambers are inserted in a barrel A 

 one (T in the centre and another E ringformed, leaving an anular 

 space between them. 



The milk enters into this by L and rises between the two steam 



