54 



We are apt to be over tender with bottles and the wash- 

 ing, as it is often done, is a mere farce. 



When milk is sold from large cans, and especially 

 when the cans are standing still, it is not advisable to 

 draw it off from the bottom with a faucet, and even when 

 the cans are in constant motion it is claimed that there 

 will be some difference. In order to counteract this a de- 

 vice illustrated in Fig. 65 is inserted in the faucet opening 

 inside the can. 



The milk is then drawn from the whole length of the 

 can through the perforated tube. 



When a man delivers his own milk all there is needed is a dipper 

 and honesty in the purpose of giving all his customers the same milk. 

 The above mentioned device was constructed for the large cans used 

 in Germany where the faucet projects from the side of the wagon, 

 and the driver cannot get at the inside and manipulate the milk! 



SHIPPING MILK BY RAIL. 



There is a general idea that the midclle=men in the cities get the 

 lion's share of the profit in the milk trade. 



There is some truth in it, but I doubt that the farmers have any 

 conception of the enormous expenses in distributing the milk. 



'Tis true that these expenses could be reduced materially if the 

 delivery was in the hands of an honest monopoly, and those who have 

 watched from six to ten different milk wagons deliver milk in the 

 same street, will agree with me that the saving in time, horse-flesh 

 and wear and tear of wagon, is enough to enable a monopoly to sell 

 better milk at a lower price with just as much profit to themselves 

 and the producers. 



Not that I believe that such is likely to be realized, and least of 

 all by a co-operation among the farmers. It would take too much 

 capital and be too great a strain on the mutual faith in the honesty of 

 their fellow farmers. 



Not having been engaged in the milk business practically I shall 

 not dilate on this subject but only give a hint or two. 



Co-operation among farmers such as was attempted some years 

 ago without a system of retailing is simply the establishing another 

 ^middle-man" and is useless. 



The first step is the establishing of "creameries," as they are mis- 



