DIPLOMAS 195 



anatomy, botany, geology, mineralogy, medicine, 

 physic, political economy, moral philosophy, modern 

 history, Arabic, and music ; that these chairs had, 

 before the Commission of 1850, no very important 

 duties attached to them ; and that in the last fifty 

 years each has been adapted to its place in the 

 University system, and each has in turn become a new 

 centre of activity round which, to use a convenient 

 term unfamiliar in Cambridge, a ' faculty ' has crystal- 

 lized. To many important developments it has been 

 possible to allude only in the most cursory manner. 

 The merest mention must suffice for the diploma in 

 geography ; the diploma in mining engineering, with 

 its provision for practical experience in mines in this 

 country or abroad ; the diploma in forestry, which is a 

 logical outcome of the development of the botanical 

 and agricultural schools; the provision for military 

 studies, and the Day Training College for teachers. 

 The latter has both a primary and a secondary depart- 

 ment, and the certificate given by the University in 

 the theory, history, and practice of education, and for 

 practical efficiency, attracts teachers in great numbers 

 from all parts of the country. 



Development so wide and so rapid as that which we 

 have sketched has been of necessity costly. The ex- 

 penditure since 1862 on buildings devoted to science 

 alone must have considerably exceeded 300,000, the 

 greater part having taken place in the latter years of 

 the period ; and it must be remembered that the Uni- 

 versity has had also to equip and maintain the observa- 

 tory, the cost of which is not included in the amount 

 just mentioned, and to spend large sums on the Uni- 

 versity library. Except in one or two cases, in which 

 a special benefaction fund had been appropriated to 

 adornment by the desire of the benefactor, these build- 

 ings have been erected with the strictest regard to 



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