So PENIKESE. 



ing box the eggs are attacked by a mould or fungus,, 

 which glues them together in a mass. To avoid this, 

 cover the box with tar, charcoal, or asphalt varnish. 

 Water insects must be watched and removed. Mice 

 will eat both eggs and young if exposed. Keep the 

 box covers closed, or provide them with springs, so- 

 that the light may be excluded. When once put in- 

 to a stream the young will be rapidly destroyed by 

 other fish, frogs, heron, and water snakes. 



"Some fish do not run to the sea. The salmon 

 does, and thereby gains its large size, as no small 

 fish of this species are found in the sea. In its nat- 

 ural waters, the eggs are laid at the head of some 

 small stream, where the young may be found. They 

 are then about four inches long with dark bars on 

 their sides, and go by the name of pars; further down 

 the river or stream are found larger fish, which have 

 lost their bars and gained a silvery coating, these are 

 called smalts. The pars change their features slowly, 

 the smalts more rapidly, those which descend to the 

 sea often feed so voraciously that they gain a pound a 

 day. 



"Shad are studied in this country. They belong to- 

 the herring group. When they return from the sea 

 to spawn their stomach is almost empty yet they 

 themselves are very fat. After spawning they return 

 to the sea again, but often die of starvation before 

 reaching it. Until 1867, no one had thought of rear- 

 ing the young fish from the egg. Seth Greene suc- 

 ceeded, at South Hadley Falls, Mass., where he found 

 the waters of the Connecticut River just fitted for his 

 purpose. To keep them in the water and not loose 

 them he constructed a floating box, but hatched only 

 a few fish the first time. Then he made a box hav- 

 ing no bottom, which he fastened with floats in the 

 river. In this he hatched the fish in sixty hours. At 

 first they were small and greatly resembled the larvae 

 of mosquitoes. When let into the stream they im- 

 mediately sought the middle of the river. Trout and 

 salmon seeking the banks. As they descended they 



