326 THE PLOYERS 



the fulvous margins to the feathers of the upper surface. Young in down are of a 

 pale reddish brown above, spotted and blotched with black ; there is a dark band 

 across the breast, and the rest of the under parts are white, [w. p. p.] 



2. Distribution. In the British Isles the lapwing is mainly resident, or 

 only subject to local movements, and is very generally distributed on the whole, 

 except in some districts of the south of England. In the north of England, as well 

 as Scotland, Ireland, and the adjoining islands, it is still very numerous. A few 

 pairs breed on the Faeroes, but not on Iceland, and on the Continent it ranges in 

 Norway to about the middle, and in Sweden to Upland, but has bred to beyond 

 lat. 68 on the Muonio river (S. A. Davies) ; in Finland to over lat. 61, and in East 

 Russia to 62. Southward its breeding range extends on the west to Andalucia 

 and Marocco, and in Eastern Europe to Macedonia, but not to Greece, though a few 

 are said to breed in Egypt. In Asia it is found up to 57 on the Ob, and though 

 absent from the Lena valley is common in Dauria and Ussuria (Buturlin) ; south- 

 ward it is found on the Tian Shan range to about eleven thousand feet, and in small 

 numbers in Transcaspia. On migration it passes over Europe to the Atlantic isles 

 and the Mediterranean basin, wintering on both sides, and in Asia south to Asia 

 Minor, Persia, N. India, Burma, China, and Japan. It has also occurred casually 

 on Jan Mayen, Greenland, Iceland, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, the Bahamas, and 

 Barbados, as well as in Alaska, [r. c. R. J.] 



3. Migration. A summer visitor to a great many inland districts, but 

 found all the year round on most parts of the coast. To our area as a whole some 

 individuals are summer visitors, some winter visitors, and some birds of passage ; 

 still others are doubtless resident within its limits. The complicated movements 

 have been worked out by Mr. Eagle Clarke, upon whose report (British Association 

 Report, 1902, pp. 277-283) the following summary is based. 



(1) British Summer and Autumn Movements. "Flocking" takes place at the 

 close of the nesting season, and in July or even late June slight movements of a 

 more or less erratic nature may be observed. In August the birds begin to leave 

 the more northerly parts of our islands, and it may be noted that in the northern 

 isles there is an interval between the departure of the last summer visitors and 

 the arrival of the first overseas immigrants. In September the southward move- 

 ment within the British Isles is in full swing ; in October it reaches its height, 

 but it persists till mid-November. By October the higher inland districts are 

 practically deserted for the winter. The movements within our area include an 

 immigration to Ireland from Scotland in October and November : it takes place 



