THE SKELETON. -.i 



capable uf exteiuliiip; itself far forward auil boldiiij^ 

 out far backward behind the perpeudicular, though 

 the shoulder may be a little longer or shorter. 



A short shoulder by excellent length of the arm 

 bone we liiid iu all animals, which by a high locatiou 

 of the shoulder joint, distinguish themselves by supe- 

 rior swiftness — as greyhounds, deer, etc. The ex- 

 amination of horses, which by great freedom of 

 shoulder show extraordinary speed, proves that they 

 frequently have a very oblique — not a long-shoul- 

 der, but a very long arm bone ; whereas the defect 

 of a short arm bono cannot be counterbalanced by a. 

 long and oblique shoulder; the long and far-reach- 

 ing steps out of the lattei', consequently disappears, 

 and only the high action is left. A shoulder only 

 long, but without obliijueness, may become detrimen- 

 tal, the shoulder joint being placed too low down. 

 Furthermore, it must be taken in consideration that; 

 the shoulder-blade forms the basis for the neck, 

 which will be set up higher, the more obliqua 

 the shoulders are; but, on the other hand, will appear 

 broader and mire projecting, the straighter the latter 

 are. The farther the head and neck are projecting, the 

 f.irther is the leg compelled to step forward to sup- 

 port the weight; but, with a straight shoulder, this 

 is impossible, although vei-y necessarj*. With the 

 length of the steep shoulder, the basis of the neck. 



