AliOUT MIIVINO. 169^ 



To oxocut(3 ii short turn about on tbe spot is still 

 more diflii-uU. At the first turn siJewiijs, swiiifsyour 

 Loises luouiiil carefully and so sharp, that they 

 come to staiul at nearly right angles to the carriage, 

 taking care not to move the hinil wheels from the 

 spot; then back ami, at the same time, turn your 

 horses iu the opposite direction, thereby bringing the 

 carriage into the new or op[)Osite direction. All 

 changes of direction of this kind, should be executed 

 with great calmness and carefulness, and never by 

 jerking and rude whipping, as then the purpose 

 could never be reached, and the carriage might be- 

 come damaged. 



In winter time, if the horses are sharpened, it is 

 better to avoid, if possible, all similar sharp turns, 

 as the horses are very apt to hurt themselves seri- 

 ously. 



In breaking in young horses, or, iu driving in 

 crowded thoroughfares, it is advisable to drive with 

 two hands, thai is: take in each hand, the correspond- 

 ing rein, Dr else, the left hand holding both reins, 

 must be assisted by the right. To all turns the im- 

 pulse is given by the right hand, and as this is also 

 holding the whip, it has to animate one or the other 

 horse, so as to support the pull on the reins, and to- 



