480 DOGS USED FOR SPORT. 



six centimetres* in the male against twelve in the female, and is 

 distinguished by two wing-like appendages, which extend from 

 the head on each side for a distance from two to four millimetres.! 

 The eggs develop in about four weeks, and have great power to 

 resist external influences ; their development not being arrested in 

 strong spirits of wine, chromic acid, or turpentine. 



The method of transmission is up to the present time, (1877) 

 unknown. Leuckhart found young round worms in the stomachs 

 of dogs which resembled embryos, both in size and shape. Be- 

 sides these, he found in the stomach and small intestine, worms 

 in every stage between this and the full matured ascarns mystax.\ 

 He failed, however, to produce such forms by feeding animals on 

 eggs containing embryos, as they either passed through the ani- 

 mals unchanged, or were thoroughly digested. The proper habi- 

 tation of this worm is the small intestine, and from a clinical 

 standpoint is distinguished by its great activity, it frequently mak- 

 ing its way into the stomach. One may often see dogs get rid of 

 whole coils of them by vomiting. 



Although the cause of these parasites is unknown, it would 

 seem that climate and habits had much to do with their incep- 

 tion. A damp climate, or damp kennel, with corresponding un- 

 cleanliness, and unhealthy diet, seem to be predisposing causes. 



The primary symptoms of invermination are griping pains — 

 which may be noted by the inflection of the voice ; the presence of 

 worms eliminated with or without faeces ; acrid eructations ; shiny 

 ' stools ; and inflammation of the bowels. 



The secondary symptofns are, occasional sickness and vomit- 

 ing, variable and voracious appetite, wasting away of the body, a 

 short hacking cough, heat and itching about the anus, and a vast 

 number of sympathetic affections, such as dizziness, disturbed 

 dreams, grinding of the teeth when napping, or champing of the 

 jaws, etc. ; and also the formation of a regular disease, as vermin- 

 ous coHc, convulsions, chorea Sancti Viti, pneumonia, and even 

 hemorrhage. 



The treatment of verminous symptoms and disease, consists 

 of getting rid of the worms by destroying them, or driving them 



* A centimetre is .39371 in. t A millimetre .03937. 



t Leuckhart, Vol. II. p. 25S. 



