TREATMENT OF DISEASES. 237 



Ing gelatine, for food. The speedy adoption of these measures, in places 

 distant from medical assistance, might do much to checlt the disease. Should 

 the astringents above recommended fail, use the remedies recommended below. 



As to the actual treatment of the disease itself, when fully established, 

 many different methods have been proposed and practiced, and few of them, 

 perhaps without apparent advantage in some cases, but as yet no treatment 

 which can be called decidedly successful (a cure), has been discovered. 



The treatment which would be safe in the hands of others than medical 

 men would be about the following: When "omiting and purging have set in, 

 with cramps, give the following mixture: Tincture of Cayenne pepper, lauda- 

 num, spirits of camphor, of each 1 oz. ; spirits of hartshorn, l{ oz. ; mix 

 together, and take 1 table-spoonful every hour or half hour according to the 

 symptoms. Or give 1 gr. of opium, 1 of camphor, 1 of Cayenne pepper, 

 (made into a pill with a little flour and water) every hour, or as may be needed. 



The patient should be wrapped at once in a blanket, or flannels next the 

 skin. For the cramps use the following as a liniment: Tincture of Cayenne 

 pepper, spirits of hartshorn, chloroform, turpentine, or kerosene oil, 2 ozs. of 

 each. Mix, and rub over the affected parts with a woolen cloth. Be careful to 

 remove the contents of the chamber from the room immediately and bury it in the 

 ground. Also mix with the discharges from the stomach and bowels, as soon 

 as voided, some sulphate of iron (common green vitriol), also dissolve some of 

 the green vitriol in hot water, and set the same in vessels around the room and 

 in the different parts of the house; and then throw some down the sinks, privy, 

 cellar, and such places, once every day. Keep the sick chamber well aired, 

 and by all means try to cheer and comfort the patient, so as to keep up his 

 spirits. A mixture of mustard and Cayenne pepper moistened with strong 

 vinegar, applied to the stomach and bowels is good to check the vomiting and 

 purging, or applied to the limbs for cramps. 



During the prevalence of this disease the greatest care is necessary in 

 regard to cleanliness, ventilation, etc. It may be mentioned also that warm 

 bricks or warm stones, irons, or hot salt should be applied to the limbs or body 

 where there is coldness or cramps. An injection up the bowels of ^ a tea- 

 spoonful of laudanum, 4 or 5 table-spoonfuls of brandy or whisky, with a little 

 thin starch, is often very beneficial in the active stage of this disease, to be 

 repeated if necessary. 



1. ULCERS. — A chasm or vacancy formed on the surface of a part, 

 whether external or internal, by the absorbent vessels removing parts back into 

 the system. Ulceration takes place more readily in the cellular and fatty sub- 

 stance, than in muscles, tendons, blood-vessels, and nerves. (Forjreatment by 

 bandaging, see page 82.) 



2. Simple Purulent Ulcer.— Some xilcers are covered with matter of 

 a white color, of a thick consistence, and which readily separates from the 

 surface of the sore. There are a number of little eminences called granulations, 

 which are small, florid, and pointed at the top. As soon as they have risen to 

 the level of the surrounding skin, those next the old skin become smooth, and 



