AGRICULTURAL. 733 



teto the wood. If he has he must be followed closely with a small wire, or he 

 must be dug out with a sharp knife, making as small a cut as possible," 



Rema/rks. — It will be remembered that the borer enters the wood a little 

 under the soil, or very near it ; and if holes are cut to get them out, as above 

 spoken of, you should apply the soap after it, and also cover the wounds with 

 dirt, or with the clay mud bound on, if much above the ground, as for girdled 

 trees, above. 



Fruit Trees, Old, Mossy, and Diseased Bark to Renew.— 

 The old plan for mossy and diseased bark, was, to sprinkle on thoroughly of 

 wood ashes, but except there is moss to- catch and hold the ashes, or many 

 crevices in the bark, the ashes would amount to but little — the later plan of 

 scraping and applying soft soap, reduced only to allow applying with a brush, 

 as a wash, is quicker and better, and more destructive to caterpillars and other 

 destructive insects which infest the trees ; but, lest the soap nor the ashes may 

 prove sufficient in all cases, especially in pe?,r blight, I will give the wash as 

 used by Wm. Saunders, of Washington, D. C, who has, or has had, charge 

 there, of the public grounds, as follows : 



Pear Blight, Diseased Bark, etc., Wash for.— Put stone lii^e, % 

 bu. ; sulphur, 4 lbs. into a tight barrel, slacking the lime with hot water, to the 

 consistency of common white-wash, keeping the barrel covered with an old 

 piece of carpet ; and when to be applied, add carbolic acid yi oz. to each gal. 

 of the wash. He applies it early in spring to the body and large branches; but 

 thinks it would be better if applied later, or about the first of June, when 

 borers, caterpillars, etc., appear. And if any diseased bark, he scrapes ofiE 

 or cuts off all that can be done readily. 



Remarks.— This, was reported to the Norfolk, Va. , Horticultural Society, 

 and spoken of highly for pear blight by G. B. Leighton, and it has also been 

 recommended by others in the same favorable manner. 



The Oermantown Telegrap?i, however, speaks very highly of the ashefl 

 process to clean off old scaly and deadened bark, and also as being destnic 

 tive to all insects infesting pear or apple •!;rees. So let each person please 

 himself. But if I was going to use the ashes I should make a wash of 

 them, and put on, and not wait for rains to do the work, after having 

 sprinkled them on dry, as recommended. 



Barren Trees, Remedy for. — Let it be remembered that barren soil 

 makes barren fruit trees. As it is not possible to grow fruit from the same 

 soil every year unless a supply of manure, ashes, iime, bone-dust, and stable 

 manure, is properly composted, and applied every other year in sufficient quan- 

 tities at least 2 to 4 bush, to each tree, according to the size, and therefore the 

 distance the roots extend, the larger share being out over the extremities of the 

 roots, where the smaller fibres or suckers are. I do not mean growing sprouts 

 called suckers, but the fibers of the roots which suck up the nourishment and 

 thus help to make the fruit as well as add to the growth of the tree, foliage, 

 •etc. These roots and fibres often extend 8 to 10 feet from the tree, and at thia 



