Aves. 1 1 1 



pack at intervals, and not before the Antarctic autumn of _1900 did 

 we see several together. At the end of November we saw more 

 than twenty (?) at a time. They were then walking slowly into 

 Robertson Bay. I secured ten of these, and kept them for some time 

 alive at Camp Eidley. They came in shoals, swimming just like the 

 small Penguins, with whom they, however, did not mix. Undoubtedly, 

 they were on their way to their old nesting-places, and some of them 

 had pretty large eggs inside them. Their stomachs generally con- 

 tained Crustacea, very small fish, and a quantity of pebbles." He also 

 records (p. 286) the occurrence of an Emperor Penguin, who " walked 

 philosophically up and down upon the ice towards the E.," as the 

 ' Southern Cross ' entered the harbour in the ice barrier, the furthest 

 south reached by the ship. He likewise seems to have taken some 

 living specimens on board the ship, as we read that on March 4th, 

 1900, he "ordered the last live Penguin {A. forstervi) to be thrown 

 overboard, as he looked miserable, would not eat, and his spirits sank 

 with the rise of the temperature." 



Mr. Bernacchi writes (p. 44) : — " We saw the large Emperor [in 

 the pack] rarely, and nearly always solitary. . . . On one occasion 

 three of these Penguins suddenly leapt up on a floe quite close to 

 the ship. . . . Two of these birds were procured one day that weighed 

 between seventy and eighty pounds. They were found on an ice-floe, 

 seeking shelter from the wind behind a hummock. One was 

 moulting, and, from the stained appearance of the ice upon which 

 he was resting, had been perched there some days. It took nearly 

 twenty minutes to asphyxiate them with chloroform. On dissecting 

 one, the contents of the stomach were examined, and found to hold 

 red crustaceous matter, small fish, some two to three inches in length, 

 some green matter like seaweed, and a few small rock-fragments. 

 Three of these fragments presented granitoid characters, and the 

 fourth was a greenish-grey lava-rock." [These are doubtless the 

 pair of birds whose capture is described by Mr. Nicolai Hanson in 

 his ' Diary' of Jan. 18th, 1899.] 



About the end of May Mr. Bernacchi records the capture of a 

 very fine specimen on the ice-pack near Cape Adare, " a big, sad, 

 solitary bird, over four feet high." He remarks that the presence 

 of these birds so far south (late in the year) proves that they do 

 not migrate far north during the Antarctic winter. He also 

 mentions the species as occurring near Cape Adare about the middle 

 of November — " A large handsome Emperor Penguin suddenly shot 

 out of the water on to the ice within a few yards of us, and gazed 

 around in a quiet, dignified fashion, looking like a giant among the 



