56 



297. (4) CINCHONA OFFICINALIS, continued. 



periderm does not readily peel off. Several other - species yield barks 

 similar in appearance : viz., C. macrocalyx, Pav., C. Humboldtiana, 

 Lamb., C. Peruviana, How., C. nitida, E. et P., C. micrantha, R. et P., G. 

 Pahudiana, How., C. Hasskarliana, How. The first five come chiefly 

 from Peru, the last two are hybrids cultivated in India and Java. 



(5) CINCHONA SUCCIRUBRA, Pav. 



a. Red bark, in flat pieces, from South America. 



b. Ditto, in quills, from India. 



c. Ditto, in small quills. 



d. Ditto, in very slender quills. 



Note. Specimen d was presented by Mr. Southall. As analysed by 

 Dr. De Vrij it contained 



Cinchonine ... ... ... ... 1-125 



Paricine ... ... ... ... 1-110 



Amorphous Alkaloids ... ... 0-565 



2-800 

 Its geographical source is unknown. 



298. The following specimens consist of a series of CINCHONA BARKS 

 AND THEIR ALKALOIDS, presented by Messrs. HOWARD & SONS. 

 To many of these specimens remarks by Mr. J. E. HOWARD 

 are appended. These remarks are placed between inverted 

 commas. The initials J. E. H. indicate notes inserted by 

 Mr. HOWARD when revising this portion of the Catalogue. 



(1) CINCHONA AMTGDALIFOLIA, Wedd. 



a. Bark, in flat pieces and in quills. 



Note. This bark is not now imported, but used to come occasionally 

 into commerce from Peru and Bolivia. It has a white deeply fissured 

 outer layer, easily peeling off, and leaving a silvery coat underneath. It 

 was considered of little value, and was not distinguished by any special 

 name in English commerce. " In Boh' via it is called Quepo cascarilla, and 

 in Peru, Cascarilla echenique." See Wedd. Ann. Sc. Nat., 1869, p. 37. 

 Hist. Nat. Quinq., p. 46., tab. vi. ; Per. Mat. Med., vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 75. 



(2) CINCHONA AUSTRALIS, Wedd. (Gochabamba Bark.) 



a. Small flat pieces without periderm. 



Note. This is an inferior bark occurring mixed with Calisaya. It 

 comes from Southern Bolivia, and is still occasionally met with in 

 English commerce. In Bolivia it is called Cascarilla de la Cordillera, or 

 de Piray, and Cascarilla de Santa-Cruz. See Wedd. Ann. Sc. Nat., vol. 

 x., p. 7; and Hist. Nat. Quinq., pt. viii. In English commerce this bark 

 is known as " Cochabamba bark." 



It occurs in small flat pieces without periderm, much thinner than 

 Calisaya, finely fibrous, externally marked with fine longitudinal wrinkles, 

 and having a more astringent taste than Calisaya. 



(3) CINCHONA CALISAYA, Wedd. (Calisaya Baric.) 

 Var. a. VERA, Wedd. 



a. Yellow Calisaya, in flat pieces, without periderm. 



