98 



391. CONVOLVULUS SCAMMONIA, continued. 



, d. Virgin Scammony, in lumps. Presented by Mr. D. 

 Hanbury. 



e. Ditto. Presented by J. Bell & Co. 



/. Ditto. Presented by Wright & Co. 



g. Aleppo Scammony, somewhat chalky. Presented by 



Wright & Co. 

 h. Ditto, amylaceous and chalky. Presented by Wright 



& Co. 



i. Ditto, chalky and dextrinose. Presented by Wright & 

 Co. 



j. Ditto, ditto, in flat rounded cakes. Presented by 

 Wright & Co. . 



The following specimens (k to q) are from Dr. Pereira's collection, 

 and the numbers attached are those used in his catalogue. 



k. Virgin Scammony, No. 248. 



I. Second Scammony, containing chalk and flour, No. 249. 

 m. Ditto, containing chalk, No. 250. 

 n. Cake Scammony, various pieces adulterated with chalk, 



the proportions of chalk stated by the manufacturer 



(a Turkey merchant), No. 251. 

 o. Artificial Scammony, containing guaiacum, sold as 



Smyrna Scammony, No. 252. 

 p. Trebizond Scammony, No. 254. 

 q. Scammony out of a leather bag, No. 256. 

 r. Skilip Scammony. 

 s. Syrian Scammony. 



t. Spurious Scammony. Presented by J. B. Batka, Prague. 

 u. Imitation of Scammony. See P. J. [1], vol. xiii., p. 269. 



Note. Skilip Scammony contains 30 to 40 per cent, of resin only, and 

 much wheat starch. Scammony starch differs in shape from wheat starch. 

 This kind of scammony may be known by its dull greyish brown opaque 

 surface. It is probably sometimes used for Scammony Powder. See 

 P. J. [1] , vol. xiii., p. 267. For fig. of Scammony Starch, see P. J. [3] , 

 vol. v., p. 263. For fig. of Wheat Starch, see Per. Mat. Med. vol., ii., 

 pt. i., frontispiece, fig. 1. Other resins, if present (except Jalap resin), 

 would be precipitated when the scammony is dissolved in an alkali, and 

 an acid added. Jalap resin may be detected by its odour, and by being 

 insoluble in ether ; chalk, by effervescence with an acid. See P. J. [1] , 

 vol. iv., p. 267 ; [1] , vol. xi., p. 278 ; [1] , vol. xiv., p. 38. For resin of 

 scammony, see P. J. [1] , vol. xvii., p. 37 ; [1], vol. xviii., p. 447. Col- 

 lection of, P. J. [1], vol. xiii., p. 267 ; [2], vol. L, p. 521. Constitution 

 of resin, P. J. [2] , vol. ii., p. 159 ; [2] , vol. iii., p. 213. Varieties of, P. J. 

 [3] , vol. ii., p. 1006. For micr. structure of root, P. J. [3] , vol..ii., p. 81. 



