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522. ABIES PECTINATA, D.O. ; FINDS PICBA, L. (Silver Fir.) 



a. Oleo resin. (Strassbury Turpentine.) 



b. Volatile oil. {Oleum Abietis.) 



Note. This oleoresin, like that of Abies balsamea, is contained in little 

 swellings of the bark of young stems, there being no resin ducts in the 

 wood. See Pharmacographia, pp. 545, 555, 556. It differs from Canada 

 balsam in having no distinct fluorescence, a more pleasant taste, and no 

 bitterness. The genus Abies is distinguished from Pinus by the cones 

 having thin scales. The volatile oil was official in the form of inhalation 

 in tho Throat Hospital Pharmacopoeia of 1872, p. 74, but has since been 

 replaced by the volatile oil of Pinus Pumilio. See Bentley and Trimen, 

 Med. Plantt, tab. 261. 



523. CALLITRIS QUADRIVALVIS, Vent. ; THUJA ARTICULATA, Desf. (Arar 



Tree.) 



a. Resin. (Gum Juniper, Gum Sandarach.) 

 Note. This resin somewhat resembles mastic in appearance, but the 

 tears are longer and more cylindrical, and the odour is different. It is 

 used in making French polish. See Cooley'g Cyclopaedia, p. 641. In the 

 state of powder it is used as pounce. Treat. Bot., p. 198. See Per. Mat. 

 Med., vol. ii., pt. i., p. 327. Galls are also found on this tree. See 

 Collection of Animal Mat. Med. 



524. DAMMARA AUSTRALIS, Don. (Kauri Pine.) 



a. Resin. (Australian Copal, Australian Dammar, Coire 



Gum, Kawrie Gum.) 



b. Ditto. Remarkably fine specimen. 



Note. Kauri or cowdie gum is a fossil resin, used as a substitute for 

 copal in making varnishes. It is readily soluble in eucalyptus oils. It 

 is largely imported into this country from New Zealand, where it is dug 

 up by the Maories. P. J. [3] , vol. v., p. 259. In the year 1866, no IMS 

 than 41,428 cwts. were imported, a large proportion of which was pro- 

 bably again exported to America. See McCulloch's Commercial Dictionary, 

 p. 655. It has fetched as much as 120 a ton in London. The fine 

 specimen b was presented in 1875 by Messrs. Fitch & French, of Mel- 

 bourne, a descriptive note from whom is enclosed with specimen a. 

 Common dammar resin is produced in India by Dammara orientalis, 

 Lamb. Hist, det Drag., vol. ii., p. 268. 



525. JUNIPERUS COMMUNIS, L. 



a. Tops. 



b. Ditto, with very fine fruit. 



c. Galbuli. (Juniper Berries.) 



d. Volatile oil. (Oil of Juniper.) 



e. Ditto. Obtained from the wood. 



Note. The fruit is a fleshy galbulus. When first formed, it consists 

 of three fleshy bracts quite separate from each other, with an ovule at 

 the base of each. These bracts afterwards grow together to form the 

 so-called juniper berry. For fig., see Bentley and Trimen, Med. Plantt, 

 p. 255. The small catkins of male flowers occur on separate plants. 

 Pharmacographia, p. 565. The oil is often adulterated with turpentine, 

 and is then less viscid, and not entirely soluble in alcohol. The pure 

 oil is soluble in that fluid. Hitt. det Drag., vol. ii., p. 240. 



K 



