TRILLIACE^E. 



546. TRILLIUM PENDULUM, Willd. 



a. Root. (Beth Root, Wake Robin, Birth Root, ///'.<// 

 Balm, Lamb's Quarter, Ground Lily.') 



Note. This root is used in the United States as a remedy for menor- 

 rhagia, and externally for obstinate ulcers. See Wood and Bache, Di$- 

 pent., p. 1616. It appears to contain a principle like saponin. See 

 Am. Journ. Pharm., 1856, p. 612. It is not official in the U.S. Phar- 

 macopoeia. In England the name of Wake Bobin is applied to Arum 

 maculatum, L. 



ORCHIDACE^E. 



547. CYPRIPEDIUM PCBBSCENS, Willd. (Oypripedium, Mocassin Plant, 



ladies' Slipper.) 



a. Root. {American Valerian.) 



Note. Cypripedium root is the produce of C. parviflorum as well as of 

 the above species. The root is used as a nervous stimulant, and is con- 

 sidered equal to valerian. Cypripedin is prepared by precipitating a strong 

 tincture of the root with water. The fresh plant sometimes causes the 

 same symptoms of irritant poisoning as Rims toxicodendron. See Am. 

 Journ. Pharm., 1875, p. 82. 



548. ECLOPHIA CAMPESTRIS, Lindl. 



a. Roots. (Sdlib misri.) Presented by Mr. Strickland. 



Note. The tubercular roots of several species of Eulophia furnish 

 salep. 



6. Ditto. Salep from Cashmere. 



c. Ditto. Salep from the Neilgherries. 



d. Ditto. (Royal Salep, Badshah Saleb.) 



Note. Royal salep is supposed to be the bulb of a liliaceous plant. 

 The specimen d was brought from Bombay, and given to Mr. D. Hanbury 

 by Dr. J. E. Stocks. It was presented to the Museum by Mr. D. Han- 

 bury. For fig., see P. J. [1] , ToL xvii., pp. 500, 501 ; Pharmacographia, 

 p. 593. 



549. ORCHIS MASCULA, L. (Early Purple Orchis.) 



a. Roots. Two specimens. (Indigenous Salep.) 



b. Ditto. Powdered. 



Note. Salep is esteemed in the East as an aphrodisiac, but in this 

 country it is simply used as a demulcent and emollient drink. It is best 

 prepared by mixing 1 drachm of powdered salep with 1 ], drachms of 

 spirits of wine, then adding A pint of water suddenly, and boiling the 

 mixture. See Pharmacographia, p. 594. For method of drying the 

 root, see Per. Mat. Med. , voL ii., pt. i., p. 264. 



550. VANILLA PLANIFOLIA, Andr. 



a. Fruit. (Vanilla Pods.) 



Note. Mexican vanilla is most esteemed. The odorous principle, 

 vanillin, can be made artificially. It is the methylic aldehyde of pyro- 

 catechuic acid. See Pharmacographia, p. 597. On the Continent, vanilla 



