156 



638. ORYZA SATIVA, L. 



a. Panicle of fruit. See Bentley and Trimen, Med.Plants,t&b.2Ql- 



b. Caryopsides. (Paddy.) 



c. Ditto, decorticated. (Carolina Rice.) 



d. Ditto, ditto. (Bengal Rice.) 



e. Ditto, ditto. (Patna Rice.) 



f. Ditto, ditto, ground. (Ground Rice.) 



g. Starch. (Rice Starch of commerce.) 



h. Ditto. (Orlando Jones's Patent Starch.) 



i. Gluten. (Chinese Vermicelli.') 



Note. Bice, while enclosed in the husk or palese, is called by the 

 Malays paddie, and when freed from the husk, bras. Rice yields 

 about 85 per cent, of starch. For the process of making Orlando Jones's 

 patent rice starch, see Per. Mat. Med., vol. it, pt. i., p. 73. Eice starch 

 is the smallest of all the commercial starches. In shape it resembles 

 maize, but is very much smaller. For fig. of the starch, see Per. Mat. 

 Med. , vol. ii. , pt. i. , frontispiece, fig. 6. The Chinese vermicelli is sold 

 in flat bundles about 5 inches long and 1 inch broad, and is composed of 

 a folded filament made of rice paste. 



639. PENICILLARJA SPICATA, Willd. 



a. Spike of inflorescence. (Caff re Corn, or African Millet.) 

 Note. For fig. of this plant, and a full description of the uses of the 

 grain, see P. J. [1] , vol. xi. , p. 396. It is a native of the Gold Coast, and 

 is there used for food. The specimen was presented by Dr. Daniell. 



640. SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM, L. 



a. Culm, or stem. (Sugar Cane.) 

 5. Ditto, preserved wet. 



c. Cane juice. 



d. Cane sugar. (Bastards.) 



e. Ditto. (Raw Foots.) 



f. Ditto. (Unclayed Manilla Sugar.) 



g. Ditto. (Purified ditto.) 

 . h. Ditto. (Sugar Candy.) 



i. Slag. 



j. Wax from cane juice. 



Note. The specimen /, of unclayed Manilla sugar, was presented by 

 Mr. W. W. Stoddart. Specimen.; was presented by Prof. Guibourt, to 

 whom it was sent by M. Avequin, of Orleans. It appears to be detached 

 from the canes when crushed in the mill. See Per. Mat. Med., vol. ii, 

 pt. i., p. 121. It occurs as a glaucous powder, coating the canes, chiefly 

 those of the violet variety. It is fusible at 180 F. , dissolves in boiling 

 alcohol, and gelatinizes on cooling. Cane juice contains about 20 per 

 cent, of sugar. "Muscovado" is a term often applied to raw sugar. 

 " Bastards " is prepared from molasses and the green syrups. The 

 coarser brown sugars often contain mites in large numbers, for fig. of 

 which see P. J. [1] , voL x. , p. 396. Molasses is the term applied in 

 commerce to the drainings from raw sugar, and treacle to the thicker 

 syrup which has drained from refined sugar in the moulds. Cooley's 



