157 



640. SACCHARUM OFFICINABUM, continued. 



Cyclopedia, p. 1087. For caramel, saccharuni penidium, etc., Bee 

 Chemical Collection. See also Per. Mat. Med., vol. ii. , pt. i., p. 120, etc. 

 Bentley and Trimen, Med. Plants, tab. 298. 



641. SECALE CEREALE, L. 



a. Caryopsides. (Rye.) 



Note. The black bread of Russia and Germany is made from this grain. 

 Its use is said to cause ergotism, on account of the occurrence of ergot 

 more frequently in this grain than in others. It yields about 65 per 

 cent, of starch. For fig. of starch, see Per. Mat. Med., vol. ii., pt. i., fron- 

 tispiece, fig. 4. 



642. TRITICDM VULOARE, L. 



a. Caryopsido3. (Wlieat.) 



b. Starch. (Wheat Starch.) 



c. Gluten. (Macaroni.) 



d. Semolina. 



e. Manna croup. 



Note. Semolina and manna croup are granular preparations of wheat 

 deprived of bran. Wheat yields about 70 per cent, of starch. For fig. of 

 the starch, see Per. Mat. Med., vol. ii., pt. i., frontispiece, fig. 1. Wheat 

 starch is remarkable for the number of small grains found in it. The larger 

 grains are round and lenticular, and appear elliptical when seen sideways. 

 Triticum durum, Kunth, is said to be the species preferred for making 

 macaroni See Bentley and Trimen, Med. Plants, tab. 294. 



643. TRITICUM REPENS, L. (Couch Grass, Quitch Grass, Dog Grass.) 

 a. Rhizome. 



Note. A decoction of the rhizome has of late been recommended in 

 mucous discharge from the bladder. Pharmacographia, p. 664 ; Culpep- 

 per's Herbal, p. 156. 



644. TRITICUM COMPOSITUM, L. (Mummy Wlieat.) 



a. Panicle of fruit. 



Note. This specimen was grown from seed found in an Egyptian 

 mummy by Mr. Pettigrew. Presented by Mr. Savory. 



645. ZEA MAYS, L. 



a. Spike of fruit. 



b. Caryopsides. (Indian Corn, Maize.) 



c. Starch. 



Note. The specimen a was grown and presented by Mr. G. Jeynes. 

 Maize contains about 67 per cent, of starch. Maize meal has been 

 known under the name of polenta. Most of the "Indian corn flours" 

 are composed entirely of maize starch. The starch is distinguished from 

 others by being thick and angular. For fig., see Per. Mat. Med., vol. ii., 

 pt. i., frontispiece, No. 5. Bentley and Trimen, Med. Plants, tab. 296. 



