161 



663. STICTA PPLMONARIA, Ach. (Lungwort, Oak Lungs, Hazel Rag, 



Hazel Crottles.) 

 a. Thallus. 



Note. This foliaceous lichen is common in this country on trees 

 in damp subalpine woods, and is readily recognised by its reticulated 

 thallus. See Per. Mat. Med., vol. ii., pt. i., fig. 18. It is sold by her- 

 balists as a remedy in pulmonary affections. In Siberia, in which coun- 

 try it appears to be more bitter, it is used as a substitute for hops in 

 brewing. See also Treat. Hut., p. 1099. 



FUNGI. 



664. AGARICUS CAMPBSTRIS, L. 



a. Mycelium. (Mushroom Spawn.) 



Note. The mycelium consists of white branched cottony threads. It 

 is the vegetative organ of the fungus, the mushroom being the reproduct- 

 ive organ. True mushrooms are recognised by the flesh turning pink, 

 not yellow, when injured, and by the gills being pink at first and after- 

 wards black. The spores are borne upon the gills, and may easily be 

 collected for the microscope by placing a mushroom upon a piece of 

 white paper for a few hours, when the spores will appear as a dark stain 

 on the paper. 



The mushroom belongs to the natural order Hymeuomycetes. 



665. CLAVICEPS PDRPUREA, Tulasne. 



a. Sclerotium. (Ergot of Rye.) Two specimens. 



b. Ditto. (Ergot of Wheaf.) 



Note. Solerotium is the name given to a mycelium when hard and 

 compact. It consists of minute jointed threads compacted together. 

 These threads are called hyphaa. The sclerotium is the vegetative organ 

 of the fungus, the reproductive organ of the fungus not being developed 

 until the succeeding spring. See Pharmacographia, p. 675 ; and for fig. 

 of the fungus, Per. Mat. Med., vol. ii., pt. L, p. 105, fig. 68; Cooke, British 

 Fungi, p. 772, fig. 369. This fungus belongs to the natural order 

 Sphaeriacei. See Bentley and Trimen, Med. Plants, tab. 303. P. J. [3] , 

 vol. i., p. 702. 



666. ELAPHOMYCES QRANULATUS, Fries. 



a. Fungus. (Lycoperdon Nuts, Hart's Truffles, Deer Balls.) 



Note. This fungus, like the truffle, grows entirely underground. It 

 was formerly used in promoting parturition and the secretion of milk, 

 and also as an aphrodisiac. For fig. see Per. Mat. Med., vol. ii., pt. i., 

 p. 49. The fungus is a native of Britain and is found in dry heathy 

 ground. This fungus belongs to the natural order Tuberacei. 



667. EXIDIA AuRicuLA-JuD.fi, Fr. ; HIRNEOLA AURICULA-JUDJE, Berk. 



(Jew's Ear.) 

 a. Fungus. 



Note. This specimen was presented by Prof. Batka, of Prague. It 

 consists in part of Phlebia mesenteries (Auricularia mesenteries, Bull), a 

 fungus much resembling it in appearance, but forming extended patches, 

 while Jw's ear grows in isolated cup-shaped pieces. Jew's ear grows 

 chiefly on elder trees. For fig. see Cooke, Brit. Fungi, vol. i., p. 349. 



