SOUTH AFRICAN CATTLE. 211 



which they hurl with effect to the distance of thirty 

 or forty yards. In battle they usually break off tke 

 vooden shaft of the spear, and with the aid of a 

 shield made of dried ox-hides, come to close quar- 

 ters with the iron part only in their hand. The 

 kerie is nothing but a small stick with a round knob 

 at the end, with which they frequently kill the pigmy 

 antelope, hares, and the smaller animals. The men 

 in summer go naked. Their usual ornaments consist 

 of rings of ivory on the arm, a brush of hair attached 

 to the head, and frequently a cow's tail tied to the 

 knee ; and when they go to war, they bind on the 

 head, by a fillet of skin, the two wings of the Numi- 

 dian Crane. The women wear long cloaks of skin, 

 made soft and pliant with great pains, and gaily 

 studded with metal buttons. The Caffre chiefs also 

 wear cloaks made of the skins of animals, and gene- 

 rally prefer those of the leopard and tiger cat. The 

 children always go naked, and have no decorations 

 except a tuft of hair from the spring-bok, with \vhich 

 their heads are frequently ornamented." 



In India we have another race of oxen which has 

 been also referred to the same stock as our domestic 

 breed, chiefly from the correspondence of the skele- 

 ton, and the similar flat form of the skull. 



