26 MANAGEMENT OF DAIRY PLANTS 



track. Weather conditions might determine the place for cream 

 intake. Retail business in connection with the factory might 

 change the whole plan of arrangement. Advertising possibil- 

 ities might well bring certain portions of the factory to the 

 front so that some of its manufacturing operations are in plain 

 sight of people passing by. This point is well illustrated by 

 Fig. i, in which is shown a butter and ice cream factory located 

 on the main street. Large windows in front expose the interior 

 of the factory to the view of passers-by. The floor plan in 

 Fig. 2 illustrates some influences a railroad track may have on 

 the arrangement of a creamery. This building had to be so 

 planned that coal, ice, and supplies could be unloaded from the 

 cars on the creamery track and butter loaded into cars similarly 

 placed. 



2. Convenience in Operation - - The greatest economy of labor 

 and power is obtained by having the product move through 

 its successive factory operations on a straight line. At one end 

 of that line the factory receives its raw material, as cream or 

 milk; at the other end it puts out that raw material as finished 

 product in the form of butter, cheese, ice cream, etc. It is ob- 

 vious that those parts of a factory whose work is closely related 

 should be near together. It would be very inconvenient, for 

 example, to have the receiving room close to the churn and 

 more distant from the cream ripeners. The natural and most 

 logical arrangement is that with the cream-receiving room or 

 platform first, the vat next, and then the churn. Testing is so 

 closely connected with the receiving of cream and milk that it 

 should be done close by or in the receiving room. Office work 

 is also closely connected with the work in the receiving and 

 testing rooms and should be near to both. 



Referring again to the floor plan in Fig. 2: In order that ice, 

 coal, and supplies might be most conveniently unloaded direct 

 from the car, it was necessary to locate the boiler toward the 

 center of the building. This made it very inconvenient in re- 

 moving ashes, and the supply room was not conveniently lo- 

 cated. Later, when it was decided to install a refrigerating 

 plant, the former inconvenience was readily overcome by remov- 



