CARYOPHYLLACILE. (PINK FAMILY.) 55 



from sapo, soap, the mucilaginous juice of the common species forming a lather 

 with water.) 



l. S OFFICINALIS, L. (COMMON SOAPWORT. BOUNCING BET.) Clus- 

 ters corymbed ; calyx cylindrical, slightly downy ; petals crowned with an ap- 

 pendage at the top of the claw; leaves oval-lanceolate. 1|. Road-sides, &c. 

 July - Sept. A stout plant with large rose-colored flowers, which are com- 

 monly double. (Adv. from Eu.) 



3. VACClRlA, Medik. COW-HERB. 



Calyx naked at the base, ovoid-pyramidal, 5-angled, 5-toothed, enlarged and 

 wing-angled in fruit. Petals not crowned. Stamens 10. Styles 2. Pod in- 

 completely 4-cellcd at the base. A smooth annual herb, with pale red flowers 

 in corymbed cymes, and ovate-lanceolate leaves. (Name from Vacca, a cow.) 



1. V. VULGARIS, Host. (Saponaria Vaccaria, L.) Escaped from gardens 

 and -becoming spontaneous in some places. (Adv. from Eu.) 



4. S1L.I31VE, L. CATCHFLY. CAMPION. 



Calyx tubular, 5-toothed, naked at the base. Stamens 10. Styles 3, rarely 4. 

 Pod 1-cellcd, or 3-celled at least at the base, opening by 6 teeth at the apex. 

 Embryo coiled. Flowers solitary or in clustered cymes. Petals mostly 

 crowned with a scale at the base of the blade. (Name from o-i'aXov, saliva, 

 in allusion to the viscid secretion on the stems and calyx of many species. 

 The English name Catchfly alludes to the same peculiarity.) 



-^ Calyx bladdery -inflated : perennial : flowers panicled, white. 



\. S. Stellata., Ait. (STARRY CAMPION.) Leaves in ivhorls of 4, ovate- 

 lanceolate, taper-pointed ; calyx bell-shaped ; petals cut into a fringe, crownless. 

 Wooded banks, Rhode Island to Wisconsin, Kentucky, and southward. July. 

 Stem 3 high, minutely pubescent, with a large and open pyramidal panicle. 

 Corolla I' broad. (Cucubalus stellatus, L.} 



2. S. Ilivca, DC. Leaves opposite, lanceolate or oblong, taper-pointed ; ca- 

 lyx oblong; petals wedge-form, 2-cleft, minutely crowned. Columbia, Pennsyl- 

 vania, to Ohio and Illinois: rare. July. Stem 1- 2 high, almost smooth. 

 Flowers few, larger than in No. 1. 



3. S. INFLATA, Smith. (BLADDER CAMPION.) Glaucous; leaves opposite, 

 ovate-lanceolate ; calyx globular, much inflated, elegantly veined ; petals 2-cleft, 

 nearly crownless. Fields and road-sides, E. New England. July. Afoot 

 high. Flowers loosely cymose. (Nat. from Eu.) 



# * Calyx elongated or club-shaped, not inflated except by the enlarging pod : flowers 

 cytnose or clustered^ : perennial, pubescent with viscid hairs, especially the calyx : 

 petals crmcned, red or rose-color. 



4. S. Penusylvanica, Michx. (WILD PINK.) Stems low (4' -8. 

 high) ; root-leaves narrowly spatulate, nearly glabrous, tapering into hairy peti- 

 oles; stem-leaves (2-3 pairs) lanceolate; flowers clustered, shoit-stalked ; calyx: 

 club-shaped ; petals wedge-form, slightly notched and eroded at the end, purple rose- 



