CARYOPHYLLACE^. (PINK FAMILY.) 61 



4. C. Ofrlongafoliaim, Torr. Stems ascending, viltous (6' -12' high), 

 many-flowered ; leaves oblong-lanceolate and ovate ; peduncles clammy -hairy ; pet- 

 als (2-lobed) and ripe pods about twice the length of the calyx. 1J. Rocky places, 

 New York and Pennsylvania to Illinois; rare. May. Stouter and larger 

 flowered than the following species. 



5. C. arveiise, L. (FIELD CHICKWEED.) Stems ascending or erect, 

 tufted, downy, slender (4' -8' high), naked and few-flowered at the summit; 

 leaves linear ; petals obcordate, more than twice the length of the calyx ; pods 

 scarcely longer than the calyx. 1J. Dry or rocky places, Northeastern States, 

 and northward, where it is indigenous. May, June. (Eu.) 



2. MCENCHIA, Ehrhart. Petals entire or merely refuse: parts of the flower 

 commonly in fours : pod ovate, not longer than the calyx. 



6. C. QUATERNELLUM, Fenzl. Smooth and glaucous ; stem simple, erect 

 (2' -4' high), 1 -2-flowered ; leaves lanceolate, acute ; petals not exceeding the 

 calyx; stamens 4. (J) (Sagina erecta, L. Moenchia quaternella, Ehrhart. 

 M. erecta, Smith.) Near Baltimore, in dry ground. (Adv. from Eu.) 



13. S A GIN A, L. PEARLWORT. 



Sepals 4 or 5. Petals 4 or 5, undivided, often obsolete or none. Stamens as 

 many as the sepals, rarely twice their number. Styles as many as the sepals 

 and alternate with them. Pod many-seeded, 4 - 5-valved ; the valves opposite 

 the sepals. Seeds smooth. Little, matted herbs, with thread-like or awl-shaped 

 leaves, and small flowers. (Name from sagina, fattening ; of no obvious appli- 

 cation to these minute weeds.) 



* Parts of the flower all in fours, or sometimes in fives. 



1. S. procuml>CllS, L. Perennial, depressed ; leaves thread-form or nar- 

 rowly linear ; peduncles ascending in fruit ; stamens 4 - 5 ; petals shorter than the 

 broadly ovate sepals, sometimes none. Springy places, Maine to Pennsylvania. 

 May -Aug. (Eu.) 



2. S. APETALA, L. Annual, erect ; leaves almost bnstle-form ; stamens 4 ; pet- 

 als obsolete or none. Sandy fields, New York to 111. ; rare. (Adv. from Eu.) 



* * Sepals, petals, styles, and valves 5 or 4 stamens 10. 



3. S. nodosa, Fenzl. Perennial, tufted; stems ascending (3' -5' high), 

 branching; leaves thread-form, the upper short and awl-shaped, with minute 

 ones fascicled in their axils so that the branchlets appear knotty ; petals much 

 longer than the calyx. ( Spergula nodosa, L. ) Wet sandy soil, Isle of Shoals; 

 coast of Maine near Portland ; shore of Lake Superior, and northward. 

 July. (Eu.) 



S. ELLIOTTII, Fenzl (Spergula decumbens, Ell.) may occur in S. Virginia. 



SUBORDER III. IULECEBREJE. THE KNOTWORT FAMILY. 



14. SPERGULARIA, Pers. SPURREY-SANDWORT. 

 Sepals 5. Petals 5, entire. Stamens 2 -10. Si yles and valves of the many- 

 seeded pod 3-5, when 5 the valves alternate with the sepals! Era\ryo not 

 6 



