KOSACK^E. (ROSE FAMILY.) 123 



5. R. RITBIGIN<!. SA, L. (TRUE SWEET-BRIER.) Climbing high; 

 numerous, ike larger ones strong and hooked, and the smaller awl-sliaped; leaflets 

 doubly serrate, rounded at the base; downy and clothed with fragrant russet 

 glands beneath ; fruit pear-shaped or obovate, crowned with the persistent calyx-lobes. 

 -Road-sides and thickets. June -Aug. (Nat. from Eu.) 



6. R. MICRAXTHA, Smith. (SMALLER-FL. SWEET-BRIER.) Prickles uni- 

 form and hooked ; fruit elliptical and ocate; calyx-lobes deciduous; flowers smaller: 

 otherwise as No. 5. E. New England. (Nat. from Eu.) 



SUBORDER III. POMEJE. THE PEAR FAMILY. 

 16. CKAT^EOUS, L. HAWTHORN. WHITE THORN. 



Calyx-tube urn-shaped, the limb 5-cleft. Petals 5, roundish. Stamens many, 

 or only 10-5. Styles 1-5. Fruit (calyx-tube) fleshy, containing 1 - 5 bony 

 1 -seeded carpels. Thorny shrubs or small trees, with simple and mostly lobed 

 leaves, and white (rarely rose-colored) blossoms. (Name from Kparos, strength, 

 on account of the hardness of the wood.) 



# Corymbs many-flowered. 

 *- Fruit very small, depressed-globose (not larger than peas), bright red: flowers small: 



calyx-teeth short and broad: styles 5 : plants glabrous andglandless throughout. 



1. C. Spatliulata, Miclix. Leaves thickish and shining, spatulate or oblan- 

 ceolatc, with a long tapering base, crenate above, rarely cut-lobed, nearly sessile. 

 Virginia and southward. May. Shrub 10 - 15 high. 



2. C. cordata, Ait. (WASHINGTON THORN.) Leaves broadly ovate or 

 triangular, mostly truncate or a little heart-shaped at the base, on a slender petiole, 

 variously 3 - 5-cleft or cut, and serrate. Virginia, Kentucky, and southward. 

 June. Trunk 1 5 - 25 high. 



- - Fruit small ('- ' long), ovoid, deep red: flowers rather large : styles 1-3. 



3. C. OXYACANTHA, L. (ENGLISH HAWTHORN.) Smooth ; leaves obovate, 

 cut-lobed and toothed, icedge-fonn at the base ; calyx not glandular. May. 

 More or less spontaneous as well as cultivated. (Adv. from Eu.) 



4. C. apiifolia, Michx. Softly pubescent when young, becoming gla- 

 brous ; leaves roundish, with a broad truncate or slightly heart-shaped base, pin- 

 nately 5-7-cleft, with the crowded divisions cut-lobed and sharply serrate; 

 petioles slender ; calyx-lobes glandular-toothed, slender. Virginia and south- 

 ward. March, April. 



+-+. H_ F ru it large ('-' long), red; flowers large: styles and stones of the fruit 

 even in the same species 1-3 (when the fruit is ovoid or pear-shaped) or 4- 5 (when 

 the fruit is globular) : stipules, calyx-teeth, bracts, $-c. often beset with glands. 



5. C. COCCsiiea, L. (SCARLET-FRUITED THORN.) Glabrous through- 

 out; leaves thin, roundish-ovate, sharply toothed and cut, or somewhat cut-lobed, 

 usually abrupt at the base, on slender petioles ; flowers white, often with a rosy 

 tinge (' broad); fruit bright scarlet-red, ovoid (' broad), scarcely edible. 

 Thickets and rockv banks ; common. May. A low tree. 



