126 CALYCANTIIACK^E. (CAROLINA-ALLSPICE FAMILY.) 



Yur. ol> 1 on gl folia; a smaller tree or shrub; leaves oblong, beneath, like 

 the branchlet-s, white-downy when young ; racemes and petals shorter. 



Var. rotlliltlifolia; with broader leaves and smaller petals than in the 

 first variety ; racemes 6 - 10-flowered. 



Var. alilifolia; shrub, with the roundish leaves blunt or notched at both 

 ends, serrate towards the summit ; racemes dense and many-flowered. Chiefly 

 in the Western States, and westward. 



Var. Oligocarpa; shrub, with thin and smooth narrowly oblong leaves, 

 2-4-flowm'<l racemes, the broader petals scarcely thrice the length of the calyx. 

 Cold and deep mountain swamps, northward. 



CYD6NIA VULOARIS, the QUINCE, and C. JAP6NICA, the ornamental JAPAN 

 QUINCE, differ from the order generally in their many-seeded carpels. 



ORDER 40. CALYCANTHACE^E. (CAROLINA-ALLSPICE 



FAMILY.) 



Shrubs with opposite entire leaves, no stipules, the sepals and petals similar 

 and indefinite, the anthers adnate and extrorse, and the cotyledons convolute : 

 otherwise like Rosaceas. Chiefly represented by the genus 



1. CALiYCANTHUS, L. CAROLINA ALLSPICE. SWEET- 

 SCENTED SHRUB. 



Calyx of many sepals, united below into a fleshy inversely conical cup (with 

 some leaf-like bractlets growing from it) ; the lobes lanceolate, mostly colored 

 like the petals ; which are similar, in many rows, thickish, inserted on the top 

 of the closed calyx-tube. Stamens numerous, inserted just within the petals, 

 short; some of the inner ones sterile (destitute of anthers). Pistils several or 

 many, enclosed in the calyx-tube, inserted on its base and inner face, resembling 

 those of the Hose. Fruit like a rose-hip, but dry when ripe, and larger, en- 

 closing the large achcnia. Shrubs, with opposite entire leaves, and large lurid- 

 purple flowers terminating the leafy branches. Bark and foliage aromatic ; the 

 crushed flowers exhaling more or less the fragrance of strawberries. (Name 

 composed of *aAu, a cup or calyx, and avQos, flower, from the closed cup which 

 contains the pistils.) 



1. C. (16 rid us, L. Leaves oval, sofl-<loivny underneath. Virginia? and 

 southward, on hill-sides in rich soil. Common in gardens. April -Aug. 



2. C. laevigatllS, Willd. Leaves oblong, thin, either blunt, or taper- 

 pointed, bright green and ylabrous or nearly so on both sides, or rather pale be- 

 neath; flowers smaller. Mountains of Franklin Co., Pcnn. (Prof. Porter), 

 and southward along the Alleghanics. May - Aug. 



3. C. glaftcus, Willd. Leaves oblong-ovate or ovate-lanceolate ; conspic- 

 uously 1aper-pQwted t gHavcw+v&iU baiatih, roughish above, glabrous, larger tlmn 

 in the others (4' -7' long) ; the flowers also larger. Virginia? near the moun- 

 tains and southward. May - Aug. 



